Chapter 1 The Human Body in Health
and Illness
Abdominopelvic cavity - ANS- Located below the diaphragm and the upper portion is the abdominal
cavity and the lower portion is the pelvic cavity.
Anatomical position - ANS- When the body is standing erect with face forward, the arms at the sides,
and the toes and palms of hands directed forward.
Anatomy - ANS- The branch of science that studies the structure of the body.
Cranial cavity - ANS- Located within the skull
Dorsal cavity - ANS- Contains two cavities and is located toward the back of the body--the two cavities it
contains is the cranial and the spinal cavities.
Frontal plane - ANS- Divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
Homeostasis - ANS- The ability of the body to maintain a constant internal environment.
Mediastinum - ANS- Space between the lungs that contains the heart and pericardial cavity, trachea,
thymus gland, esophagus, and large blood vessels.
Organs - ANS- Arranged by tissues, heart, stomach, and kidneys, etc.
Pericardial cavity - ANS- The thoracic cavity that contains the heart and great vessels.
Physiology - ANS- Is the branch of science that describes how the body works, or functions.
Pleural cavity - ANS- The thoracic cavity that contains the lungs.
, Sagittal plane - ANS- This plane divides the body in half into the right and left portions.
Spinal (vertebral) cavity - ANS- This cavity extends downward from the cranial cavity and is surrounded
by bony vertebrae; it contains the spinal cord.
Thoracic cavity - ANS- Located above the diaphragm and contains the mediastinum and the pericardial
cavity.
Transverse plane - ANS- Divides the body in half horizontally creating the superior (upper) half and
inferior (lower) half.
Ventral cavity - ANS- The larger cavity located toward the front of the body and has two divisions, the
thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.
Viscera - ANS- The organs located in the cavities.
Pathophysiology - ANS- The branch of science that describes the consequences of the improper
functioning of the body parts.
The body's levels of organization
-from simple to complex - ANSLiving things are broken down in to 8 levels from smallest to largest.
1. Atoms: All things are made up of atoms.
2. Molecule: Two or more atoms together. Ex: A water molecule is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1
oxygen atom.
3. Organelle: Organelles are parts of a cell that have certain roles to help the cell to properly function.
Examples: nucleus, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum
and Illness
Abdominopelvic cavity - ANS- Located below the diaphragm and the upper portion is the abdominal
cavity and the lower portion is the pelvic cavity.
Anatomical position - ANS- When the body is standing erect with face forward, the arms at the sides,
and the toes and palms of hands directed forward.
Anatomy - ANS- The branch of science that studies the structure of the body.
Cranial cavity - ANS- Located within the skull
Dorsal cavity - ANS- Contains two cavities and is located toward the back of the body--the two cavities it
contains is the cranial and the spinal cavities.
Frontal plane - ANS- Divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
Homeostasis - ANS- The ability of the body to maintain a constant internal environment.
Mediastinum - ANS- Space between the lungs that contains the heart and pericardial cavity, trachea,
thymus gland, esophagus, and large blood vessels.
Organs - ANS- Arranged by tissues, heart, stomach, and kidneys, etc.
Pericardial cavity - ANS- The thoracic cavity that contains the heart and great vessels.
Physiology - ANS- Is the branch of science that describes how the body works, or functions.
Pleural cavity - ANS- The thoracic cavity that contains the lungs.
, Sagittal plane - ANS- This plane divides the body in half into the right and left portions.
Spinal (vertebral) cavity - ANS- This cavity extends downward from the cranial cavity and is surrounded
by bony vertebrae; it contains the spinal cord.
Thoracic cavity - ANS- Located above the diaphragm and contains the mediastinum and the pericardial
cavity.
Transverse plane - ANS- Divides the body in half horizontally creating the superior (upper) half and
inferior (lower) half.
Ventral cavity - ANS- The larger cavity located toward the front of the body and has two divisions, the
thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.
Viscera - ANS- The organs located in the cavities.
Pathophysiology - ANS- The branch of science that describes the consequences of the improper
functioning of the body parts.
The body's levels of organization
-from simple to complex - ANSLiving things are broken down in to 8 levels from smallest to largest.
1. Atoms: All things are made up of atoms.
2. Molecule: Two or more atoms together. Ex: A water molecule is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1
oxygen atom.
3. Organelle: Organelles are parts of a cell that have certain roles to help the cell to properly function.
Examples: nucleus, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum
