,Chapter 1: Trends and Issues
f f f f
MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. The nurse is caring for a patient who is in labor with her first child. The patient’s mother is
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
present for support and notes that things have changed in the delivery room since she last
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
gave birth in the early 1980s. Which current trend or intervention may the patient’s mother
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
find most different?
f f f
1. Fetal monitoring throughout labor f f f
2. Postpartum stay of 10 days f f f f
3. Expectant partner and family in operating room for cesarean birth f f f f f f f f f
4. Hospital support for breastfeeding f f f
ANS: 4 f
Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues f f f f f
Chapter Learning Objective: 1. Discuss current trends in the management of labor and birth
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Page: 4
f f
Heading: Table 1-1: Past and Present Trends f f f f f f
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
f f f f
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
f f f f f
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
f f f f
Concept: Evidence-Based Practice
f f f
Difficulty: Moderate f
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Fetal monitoring during labor began in the late 1970s. As such,
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
this likely would have occurred during the mother’s labor and delivery during
f f f f f f f f f f f
the 1980s.
f f
2 This is incorrect. In the past, the average hospital postpartum stay was 10 days.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Presently, the average postpartum stay is 48 hours or less. f f f f f f f f f
3 This is incorrect. In the past, expectant partners and families were excluded from
f f f f f f f f f f f f
the labor and birth experience. Present trends involve the expectant partner and
f f f f f f f f f f f f
family in the labor and birth experience, including presence in the operating
f f f f f f f f f f f f
room for cesarean births. f f f
4 This is correct. Hospital support for breastfeeding, including a lactation
f f f f f f f f f
consultant and employment of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, were both
f f f f f f f f f f
enacted during the early 1990s. f f f f
PTS: 1 CON: Evidence-Based Practice f f
2. A patient with a history of hypertension is giving birth. During delivery, the staff was not
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
able to stabilize the patient’s blood pressure. As a result, the patient died shortly after
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
delivery. This is an example of what type of death?
f f f f f f f f f f
1. Early maternal death f f
2. Late maternal death f f
,3. Direct obstetric death
f f
4. Indirect obstetric death
f f
ANS: 4
f f
, Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues
f f f f f
Chapter Learning Objective: 2. Discuss current trends in maternal and infant health
f f f f f f f f f f f
outcomes.
f
Page: 7 f
Heading: Trends > Maternal Death and Mortality Rates
f f f f f f f
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
f f f f
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
f f f f f f f
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
f f f f
Concept: Ante/Intra/Post-partum f
Difficulty: Hard
f f
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Early maternal death is not an example of maternal death.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
Examples of maternal death include late maternal death, indirect obstetric death,
f f f f f f f f f f
direct obstetric death, and pregnancy-related death.
f f f f f f
2 This is incorrect. Late maternal death occurs 42 days after termination of
f f f f f f f f f f f
pregnancy from a direct or indirect obstetric cause. f f f f f f f
3 This is incorrect. Direct obstetric death results from complications during
f f f f f f f f f
pregnancy, labor, birth, and/or postpartum period. f f f f f
4 This is correct. Indirect obstetric death is caused by a preexisting disease, or a
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
disease that develops during pregnancy. f f f f
PTS: 1 CON: Ante/Intra/Post-partum f
3. The nurse is providing education to a patient who has given birth to her first child and is being
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
discharged home. The patient expressed concern regarding infant mortality and sudden infant
f f f f f f f f f f f f
death syndrome (SIDS). The patient had an uncomplicated pregnancy, labor, and vaginal
f f f f f f f f f f f f
delivery. She has a body mass index of 25 and has no other health conditions. The infant is
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
healthy and was delivered full-term. What will be most helpful thing to explainto the patient?
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
1. Uses of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO)
f f f f f f
2. Uses of exogenous pulmonary surfactant
f f f f
3. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
f f f
4. The Safe to Sleep campaign
f f f f
ANS: 4 f
Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues
f f f f f
Chapter Learning Objective: 3. Identify leading causes of infant death.
f f f f f f f f f
Page: 7
f f
Heading: Trends > Infant Mortality Rates
f f f f f
Integrated Processes: Nursing process
f f f f
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
f f f f f f f f f f
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
f f f f
Concept: Health Promotion f f
Difficulty: Moderate
f f
f f f f
MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. The nurse is caring for a patient who is in labor with her first child. The patient’s mother is
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
present for support and notes that things have changed in the delivery room since she last
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
gave birth in the early 1980s. Which current trend or intervention may the patient’s mother
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
find most different?
f f f
1. Fetal monitoring throughout labor f f f
2. Postpartum stay of 10 days f f f f
3. Expectant partner and family in operating room for cesarean birth f f f f f f f f f
4. Hospital support for breastfeeding f f f
ANS: 4 f
Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues f f f f f
Chapter Learning Objective: 1. Discuss current trends in the management of labor and birth
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Page: 4
f f
Heading: Table 1-1: Past and Present Trends f f f f f f
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
f f f f
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
f f f f f
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
f f f f
Concept: Evidence-Based Practice
f f f
Difficulty: Moderate f
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Fetal monitoring during labor began in the late 1970s. As such,
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
this likely would have occurred during the mother’s labor and delivery during
f f f f f f f f f f f
the 1980s.
f f
2 This is incorrect. In the past, the average hospital postpartum stay was 10 days.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Presently, the average postpartum stay is 48 hours or less. f f f f f f f f f
3 This is incorrect. In the past, expectant partners and families were excluded from
f f f f f f f f f f f f
the labor and birth experience. Present trends involve the expectant partner and
f f f f f f f f f f f f
family in the labor and birth experience, including presence in the operating
f f f f f f f f f f f f
room for cesarean births. f f f
4 This is correct. Hospital support for breastfeeding, including a lactation
f f f f f f f f f
consultant and employment of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, were both
f f f f f f f f f f
enacted during the early 1990s. f f f f
PTS: 1 CON: Evidence-Based Practice f f
2. A patient with a history of hypertension is giving birth. During delivery, the staff was not
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
able to stabilize the patient’s blood pressure. As a result, the patient died shortly after
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
delivery. This is an example of what type of death?
f f f f f f f f f f
1. Early maternal death f f
2. Late maternal death f f
,3. Direct obstetric death
f f
4. Indirect obstetric death
f f
ANS: 4
f f
, Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues
f f f f f
Chapter Learning Objective: 2. Discuss current trends in maternal and infant health
f f f f f f f f f f f
outcomes.
f
Page: 7 f
Heading: Trends > Maternal Death and Mortality Rates
f f f f f f f
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
f f f f
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
f f f f f f f
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
f f f f
Concept: Ante/Intra/Post-partum f
Difficulty: Hard
f f
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. Early maternal death is not an example of maternal death.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
Examples of maternal death include late maternal death, indirect obstetric death,
f f f f f f f f f f
direct obstetric death, and pregnancy-related death.
f f f f f f
2 This is incorrect. Late maternal death occurs 42 days after termination of
f f f f f f f f f f f
pregnancy from a direct or indirect obstetric cause. f f f f f f f
3 This is incorrect. Direct obstetric death results from complications during
f f f f f f f f f
pregnancy, labor, birth, and/or postpartum period. f f f f f
4 This is correct. Indirect obstetric death is caused by a preexisting disease, or a
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
disease that develops during pregnancy. f f f f
PTS: 1 CON: Ante/Intra/Post-partum f
3. The nurse is providing education to a patient who has given birth to her first child and is being
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
discharged home. The patient expressed concern regarding infant mortality and sudden infant
f f f f f f f f f f f f
death syndrome (SIDS). The patient had an uncomplicated pregnancy, labor, and vaginal
f f f f f f f f f f f f
delivery. She has a body mass index of 25 and has no other health conditions. The infant is
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
healthy and was delivered full-term. What will be most helpful thing to explainto the patient?
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
1. Uses of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO)
f f f f f f
2. Uses of exogenous pulmonary surfactant
f f f f
3. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
f f f
4. The Safe to Sleep campaign
f f f f
ANS: 4 f
Chapter: Chapter 1 Trends and Issues
f f f f f
Chapter Learning Objective: 3. Identify leading causes of infant death.
f f f f f f f f f
Page: 7
f f
Heading: Trends > Infant Mortality Rates
f f f f f
Integrated Processes: Nursing process
f f f f
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
f f f f f f f f f f
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
f f f f
Concept: Health Promotion f f
Difficulty: Moderate
f f
