ASWB MSW EXAM 2024/2025
Freud Psychosexual Stages - Answer ✔✔1. Anal (0-1)
2. Oral (2-3)
3. Phallic (3-5)
4. Latency (5-11)
5. Genital (12-18)
Freud Psychosexual Stages Fixations - Answer ✔✔
Oral stage - Answer ✔✔-infant's primary interaction with world is
through mouth, oral stimulation through sucking and tasting
Anal stage - Answer ✔✔-primary focus of libido was on controlling
bladder and bowel movements
-toilet training is primary issue, too much pressure can result in
excessive need for order or cleanliness later in life, too little pressure
from parents can lead to messy or destructive behavior later in life
Phallic stage - Answer ✔✔-focus of id's energy is on genitals, children
become aware of gender identity
Latent stage - Answer ✔✔-focus of id's energy is on genitals, children
become aware of gender identity
,Genital stage - Answer ✔✔-onset of puberty causing libido to become
active
-strong interest in opposite sex, individual will continue to develop into
well-balanced person
Piaget Stages of Development - Answer ✔✔Sensorimotor (0-2)
Preoperational thought (2.5 - 6/7)
Concrete operations (7-11)
Formal Operations (11-18)
Sensorimotor Stage - Answer ✔✔-learn primarily through sensory input
and action
-object permanence, causality, symbolic thought
Preoperational Thought - Answer ✔✔-child is able to use words and
images to refer to objects
Concrete operations - Answer ✔✔- think logically but have difficulty
with abstracts or hypotheticals
Formal Operations - Answer ✔✔- can think abstractly, use deductive
reasoning, and systematically plan
Erikson's Psychosocial Stages - Answer ✔✔1. Trust vs Mistrust
,2. Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
3. Initiative vs Guilt
4. Industry vs Inferiority
5. Identity vs Identity Diffusion
6. Intimacy vs Isolation
7. Generativity vs Self-Absorption
8. Integrity vs Despair
Trust vs Mistrust - Answer ✔✔Children begin to learn the ability to
trust others based upon the consistency of their caregiver(s).
Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt - Answer ✔✔Between the ages of 1 and
3, children begin to assert their independence by walking away from
their mother. If encouraged it fosters independence, if criticized it leads
to feeling unable to survive and over dependence on parent.
Initiative vs Guilt - Answer ✔✔Children assert themselves more
frequently, if encouraged they feel secure in their ability to lead others
and make decisions; if discouraged children develop a sense of guilt and
lack self-initiative.
Industry vs Inferiority - Answer ✔✔Children begin to develop a sense
of pride in their accomplishments. If encouraged and they begin to feel
industrious and feel confident in their ability to achieve goals. If not
encouraged they feel inferior, doubting their abilities and failing to reach
their potential.
, Identity vs Role Confusion - Answer ✔✔During adolescence, transition
from childhood to adulthood and children become more independent,
looking to their futures.
Intimacy vs Isolation - Answer ✔✔In young adulthood, individuals
begin to share themselves with others and explore relationships .
Successful completion leads to commitment, while unsuccessful
completion leads fear of intimacy & commitment.
Generativity vs Stagnation - Answer ✔✔During middle adulthood,
individuals establish careers, settle down within relationships, begin
families, and develop a sense of being a part of the bigger picture. They
give back to society through raising children, being productive at work,
and becoming involved in community activities and organizations.
Ego Integrity vs Despair - Answer ✔✔As individuals grow older and
become senior citizens, they tend to slow down and explore life as
retired people. If they view life as unproductive or failed to accomplish
goals it can lead to depression.
Behaviorist Theory - Answer ✔✔(Pavlov, Skinner)—learning is viewed
through change in behavior and the stimuli in the external environment
are the locus of learning. Social workers aim to change the external
environment in order to bring about desired change.
Cognitive Theory - Answer ✔✔(Piaget)—learning is viewed through
internal mental processes (including insight, information processing,
Freud Psychosexual Stages - Answer ✔✔1. Anal (0-1)
2. Oral (2-3)
3. Phallic (3-5)
4. Latency (5-11)
5. Genital (12-18)
Freud Psychosexual Stages Fixations - Answer ✔✔
Oral stage - Answer ✔✔-infant's primary interaction with world is
through mouth, oral stimulation through sucking and tasting
Anal stage - Answer ✔✔-primary focus of libido was on controlling
bladder and bowel movements
-toilet training is primary issue, too much pressure can result in
excessive need for order or cleanliness later in life, too little pressure
from parents can lead to messy or destructive behavior later in life
Phallic stage - Answer ✔✔-focus of id's energy is on genitals, children
become aware of gender identity
Latent stage - Answer ✔✔-focus of id's energy is on genitals, children
become aware of gender identity
,Genital stage - Answer ✔✔-onset of puberty causing libido to become
active
-strong interest in opposite sex, individual will continue to develop into
well-balanced person
Piaget Stages of Development - Answer ✔✔Sensorimotor (0-2)
Preoperational thought (2.5 - 6/7)
Concrete operations (7-11)
Formal Operations (11-18)
Sensorimotor Stage - Answer ✔✔-learn primarily through sensory input
and action
-object permanence, causality, symbolic thought
Preoperational Thought - Answer ✔✔-child is able to use words and
images to refer to objects
Concrete operations - Answer ✔✔- think logically but have difficulty
with abstracts or hypotheticals
Formal Operations - Answer ✔✔- can think abstractly, use deductive
reasoning, and systematically plan
Erikson's Psychosocial Stages - Answer ✔✔1. Trust vs Mistrust
,2. Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
3. Initiative vs Guilt
4. Industry vs Inferiority
5. Identity vs Identity Diffusion
6. Intimacy vs Isolation
7. Generativity vs Self-Absorption
8. Integrity vs Despair
Trust vs Mistrust - Answer ✔✔Children begin to learn the ability to
trust others based upon the consistency of their caregiver(s).
Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt - Answer ✔✔Between the ages of 1 and
3, children begin to assert their independence by walking away from
their mother. If encouraged it fosters independence, if criticized it leads
to feeling unable to survive and over dependence on parent.
Initiative vs Guilt - Answer ✔✔Children assert themselves more
frequently, if encouraged they feel secure in their ability to lead others
and make decisions; if discouraged children develop a sense of guilt and
lack self-initiative.
Industry vs Inferiority - Answer ✔✔Children begin to develop a sense
of pride in their accomplishments. If encouraged and they begin to feel
industrious and feel confident in their ability to achieve goals. If not
encouraged they feel inferior, doubting their abilities and failing to reach
their potential.
, Identity vs Role Confusion - Answer ✔✔During adolescence, transition
from childhood to adulthood and children become more independent,
looking to their futures.
Intimacy vs Isolation - Answer ✔✔In young adulthood, individuals
begin to share themselves with others and explore relationships .
Successful completion leads to commitment, while unsuccessful
completion leads fear of intimacy & commitment.
Generativity vs Stagnation - Answer ✔✔During middle adulthood,
individuals establish careers, settle down within relationships, begin
families, and develop a sense of being a part of the bigger picture. They
give back to society through raising children, being productive at work,
and becoming involved in community activities and organizations.
Ego Integrity vs Despair - Answer ✔✔As individuals grow older and
become senior citizens, they tend to slow down and explore life as
retired people. If they view life as unproductive or failed to accomplish
goals it can lead to depression.
Behaviorist Theory - Answer ✔✔(Pavlov, Skinner)—learning is viewed
through change in behavior and the stimuli in the external environment
are the locus of learning. Social workers aim to change the external
environment in order to bring about desired change.
Cognitive Theory - Answer ✔✔(Piaget)—learning is viewed through
internal mental processes (including insight, information processing,
