©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
BIO 669 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
100% Solved | Graded A+
water makes up ____% in men - ✔✔60%
water makes up ____% in women - ✔✔50%
made up of 2/3 (40%) of water - ✔✔intracellular
made up of 1/3 (20%) of water - ✔✔extracellular
what two things make up extracellular fluid? - ✔✔Intravascular and
interstitial
what % of intravascular is in the extracellular? - ✔✔25%
what % of interstitial is in the extracellular? - ✔✔75%
who has more water, men or women? - ✔✔men
who has more water, elderly or pediatric? - ✔✔pediatric
why does total body water decrease as we age? - ✔✔decreased free fat
and muscle mass
renal decline
diminished thirst perception
,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Starling forces - ✔✔forces affecting movement of fluid between cells and
spaces
net filtration - ✔✔forces favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration
Osmolarity - ✔✔concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution
isosmotic - ✔✔solutions with the same concentrations of solute particles
(osmolarity)
hyposomotic - ✔✔solution with lower osmotic pressure. lower outside
hyperosmotic - ✔✔solution with higher osmolarity. higher inside.
isotonic - ✔✔two solutions with the same osmotic pressure
Hypotonic - ✔✔when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser
concentration of solutes within the cell
Hypertonic - ✔✔when comparing two solutions, the solution with the
greater concentration of solutes within the cell
Forces favoring filtration - ✔✔Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood
pressure) and interstitial oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
Forces favoring reabsorption - ✔✔Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure
(water-pulling)
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
edema - ✔✔accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
causes of edema - ✔✔increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (increased
BP),
decrease of plasma oncotic pressure,
obstruction of lymphatic circulation,
increased capillary permeability
What is ascites? - ✔✔accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure - ✔✔venous
obstruction, salt and water retention, heart failure, renal failure
what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause? - ✔✔forces fluid
into tissues
causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure - ✔✔decreased
plasma albumin
-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition)
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome)
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma proteins)
what does lymph obstruction cause? - ✔✔fluid movement into the tissues
decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus increasing tissue
oncotic pressure)
BIO 669 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
100% Solved | Graded A+
water makes up ____% in men - ✔✔60%
water makes up ____% in women - ✔✔50%
made up of 2/3 (40%) of water - ✔✔intracellular
made up of 1/3 (20%) of water - ✔✔extracellular
what two things make up extracellular fluid? - ✔✔Intravascular and
interstitial
what % of intravascular is in the extracellular? - ✔✔25%
what % of interstitial is in the extracellular? - ✔✔75%
who has more water, men or women? - ✔✔men
who has more water, elderly or pediatric? - ✔✔pediatric
why does total body water decrease as we age? - ✔✔decreased free fat
and muscle mass
renal decline
diminished thirst perception
,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Starling forces - ✔✔forces affecting movement of fluid between cells and
spaces
net filtration - ✔✔forces favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration
Osmolarity - ✔✔concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution
isosmotic - ✔✔solutions with the same concentrations of solute particles
(osmolarity)
hyposomotic - ✔✔solution with lower osmotic pressure. lower outside
hyperosmotic - ✔✔solution with higher osmolarity. higher inside.
isotonic - ✔✔two solutions with the same osmotic pressure
Hypotonic - ✔✔when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser
concentration of solutes within the cell
Hypertonic - ✔✔when comparing two solutions, the solution with the
greater concentration of solutes within the cell
Forces favoring filtration - ✔✔Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood
pressure) and interstitial oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
Forces favoring reabsorption - ✔✔Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure
(water-pulling)
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
edema - ✔✔accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
causes of edema - ✔✔increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (increased
BP),
decrease of plasma oncotic pressure,
obstruction of lymphatic circulation,
increased capillary permeability
What is ascites? - ✔✔accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure - ✔✔venous
obstruction, salt and water retention, heart failure, renal failure
what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause? - ✔✔forces fluid
into tissues
causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure - ✔✔decreased
plasma albumin
-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition)
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome)
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma proteins)
what does lymph obstruction cause? - ✔✔fluid movement into the tissues
decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus increasing tissue
oncotic pressure)
