Microbiology Bacteriology Exam 1 fully
solved
Fusiform - correct answer ✔✔thin, toothpicks with tapered ends
What do porins do? Are they in Gram + or -? - correct answer ✔✔Porins are channels for small
molecules in Gram -
What causes Gram- shock and fever or G- shock? What components is it made of? - correct answer
✔✔LPS- made of lipid A, core polysaccharide, and o-specific polysaccharide ( o or somatic antigen)
*abs, core, o! he's so hot
What is associated with the H, K, and O antigens? - correct answer ✔✔H= flagella, K= capsule, O= lipids
Cocobacilli - correct answer ✔✔stretched ovals
Which structure has a patchy distribution? - correct answer ✔✔Fibrils
How do flagella differ from periplasmic flagella - correct answer ✔✔Flagella- external, virulence factor,
helical filaments Periplasmic- internal, axial filaments
Which 3 structures act as virulence factors, and how? - correct answer ✔✔Flagella- promotes spread
and attachment
Fimbrae- attachment and colonization and biofilms
Glycocalyx- resistance to phagocytosis, adherence and development of biofilms, protect form antibiotics
Which external structures act as adhesins? - correct answer ✔✔Fimbriae, flagella, techoic acids,
lipotechoic acids, outer membrane proteins, portions of the glycocalyx
,Spirochetes - correct answer ✔✔spiral,
*periplasmic flagella
Conjugation occurs in _ bacteria with the use of __ - correct answer ✔✔Gram -, Fimbrae
*b/c gram negative are smarter
Leptospira - correct answer ✔✔tightly would spirals
Which structure is internal? - correct answer ✔✔Periplasmic flagella
Borrelia - correct answer ✔✔very tightly would spirals
Spirilla - correct answer ✔✔s shaped
Which external structure is the shortest/thinnest and rod shaped - correct answer ✔✔Fibrils
What is the glycocalyx made of? - correct answer ✔✔Large polymers (polysaccharides/proteins)
*peepee
Cell wall functions - correct answer ✔✔cell shape, osmotic pressures
What does the periplasmic gel of Gram - cell walls contain? What component helps them be excreted? -
correct answer ✔✔hydrolytic enzymes and binding proteins
Cytoplasmisc membrane
Why does the CV-I complex stay in Gram +? - correct answer ✔✔When the Gram+ wall is dehydrated
with EtOH, it shrinks, and traps in the dye
, T/F Techoic acids are only found in Gram + walls - correct answer ✔✔true
How does the cytoplasmic membrane help with replication? - correct answer ✔✔It attached to the
nucleoid with mesosomes to promote segregation
Which of the following is not located in the cytoplasmic membrane
a. Techoic acids
b. Respiratory chain components
c. NAM and NAG
d. Capsule
e. Sites of active transport
f. exotoxins - correct answer ✔✔a
Why can transcription/translation occur simultaneously in prokaryotes? - correct answer ✔✔b/c there is
no physical separation by a nuclear membrane
Why can't endospores metabolize? - correct answer ✔✔Low water content
What protects the endospore? - correct answer ✔✔A spore coat of keratin-protein
T/F Gram + can have endospores - correct answer ✔✔F, only Gram - bacilli
Which type of bacteria uses a twisting motion with periplasmic flagella? - correct answer ✔✔spirochete
T/F Staph. Aureus is the the only strain that is Coagulase - - correct answer ✔✔F
Which of the following are commonly seen on the skin?
a. C. difficile
solved
Fusiform - correct answer ✔✔thin, toothpicks with tapered ends
What do porins do? Are they in Gram + or -? - correct answer ✔✔Porins are channels for small
molecules in Gram -
What causes Gram- shock and fever or G- shock? What components is it made of? - correct answer
✔✔LPS- made of lipid A, core polysaccharide, and o-specific polysaccharide ( o or somatic antigen)
*abs, core, o! he's so hot
What is associated with the H, K, and O antigens? - correct answer ✔✔H= flagella, K= capsule, O= lipids
Cocobacilli - correct answer ✔✔stretched ovals
Which structure has a patchy distribution? - correct answer ✔✔Fibrils
How do flagella differ from periplasmic flagella - correct answer ✔✔Flagella- external, virulence factor,
helical filaments Periplasmic- internal, axial filaments
Which 3 structures act as virulence factors, and how? - correct answer ✔✔Flagella- promotes spread
and attachment
Fimbrae- attachment and colonization and biofilms
Glycocalyx- resistance to phagocytosis, adherence and development of biofilms, protect form antibiotics
Which external structures act as adhesins? - correct answer ✔✔Fimbriae, flagella, techoic acids,
lipotechoic acids, outer membrane proteins, portions of the glycocalyx
,Spirochetes - correct answer ✔✔spiral,
*periplasmic flagella
Conjugation occurs in _ bacteria with the use of __ - correct answer ✔✔Gram -, Fimbrae
*b/c gram negative are smarter
Leptospira - correct answer ✔✔tightly would spirals
Which structure is internal? - correct answer ✔✔Periplasmic flagella
Borrelia - correct answer ✔✔very tightly would spirals
Spirilla - correct answer ✔✔s shaped
Which external structure is the shortest/thinnest and rod shaped - correct answer ✔✔Fibrils
What is the glycocalyx made of? - correct answer ✔✔Large polymers (polysaccharides/proteins)
*peepee
Cell wall functions - correct answer ✔✔cell shape, osmotic pressures
What does the periplasmic gel of Gram - cell walls contain? What component helps them be excreted? -
correct answer ✔✔hydrolytic enzymes and binding proteins
Cytoplasmisc membrane
Why does the CV-I complex stay in Gram +? - correct answer ✔✔When the Gram+ wall is dehydrated
with EtOH, it shrinks, and traps in the dye
, T/F Techoic acids are only found in Gram + walls - correct answer ✔✔true
How does the cytoplasmic membrane help with replication? - correct answer ✔✔It attached to the
nucleoid with mesosomes to promote segregation
Which of the following is not located in the cytoplasmic membrane
a. Techoic acids
b. Respiratory chain components
c. NAM and NAG
d. Capsule
e. Sites of active transport
f. exotoxins - correct answer ✔✔a
Why can transcription/translation occur simultaneously in prokaryotes? - correct answer ✔✔b/c there is
no physical separation by a nuclear membrane
Why can't endospores metabolize? - correct answer ✔✔Low water content
What protects the endospore? - correct answer ✔✔A spore coat of keratin-protein
T/F Gram + can have endospores - correct answer ✔✔F, only Gram - bacilli
Which type of bacteria uses a twisting motion with periplasmic flagella? - correct answer ✔✔spirochete
T/F Staph. Aureus is the the only strain that is Coagulase - - correct answer ✔✔F
Which of the following are commonly seen on the skin?
a. C. difficile
