Test Bank For Human Memory 4th Edition by Gabriel Radvansky Verified Chapters ||100% Success Guaranteed

,TEST BANK Human Memory 4th Edition by Gabriel Radvansky
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Chapter 1: Overview and History
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1. A relatively permanent record of an experience is the essence of
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a) behavioral potential r


b) learning
c) memoryv* r


d) performancer




2. Which is not a way that the term “memory” is used by psychologists?
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a) asvavunitvofvanalysisv*
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b) as a storage mechanism r r r


c) as a process r r


d) as a record r r




3. Memory is . r r


a) a storage facility r r


b) the result of experience r r r


c) a process r


d) allvofvthevabovev*
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4. Which is NOT a way that the term memory is used?
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a) an item that holds the contents of previous experiences
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b) a location where information is kept
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c) mental processes involved in acquiring, storing, or retrieving information
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d) a perfect replication of events *
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5. Which of the following is NOT an aspect of learning?
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a) behavior potential r


b) maturation * r


c) relative permanence r


d) experience

6. Learning is . r r


a) a relatively permanent change in behavior potential
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b) a process r


c) the result of experience r r r


d) all of the above * r r r r




7. What is a good definition of learning?
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a) a change in the potential to alter behavior as a consequence of experience *
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b) putting information in the memory store r r r r r


c) retaining contents of experience r r r


d) the mental process used to acquire, store, or retrieve information
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,8. An engram is to memory as
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a) a keyboard is to a computer
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b) a mouse is to a computer
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c) a file is to a computer *
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d) a central processing unit is to a computer
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9. Why are there so many metaphors for memory?
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a) because memory cannot be studied objectively r r r r r


b) to demonstrate that all of our memories are different
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c) because we cannot observe memory directly * r r r r r r


d) because people’s attitudes and opinions change so much over time r r r r r r r r r




10. Metaphors for memory (like a recorder or organized storage) are used because
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a) the uncomplicated nature of memory makes metaphors easy to find
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b) memory must be observed indirectly, so metaphors are useful tools for r r r r r r r r r r


understanding its complexities *
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c) you can exercise your memory like a muscle, so creating new metaphors makes
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your memory more efficient
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d) using language as a mental representation prevents memory loss
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11. Which metaphor captures the idea that there is an organization to memory?
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a) cow’s stomach r


b) lock and key r r


c) video camera r


d) network * r




12. Which metaphor captures the idea that information in memory can be forgotten?
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a) leaky bucket * r r


b) computer
c) junk drawer r


d) library

13. Which metaphor of memory conveys the idea that memories are discrete collections of
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rinformation?
a) hidden observer r


b) computer
c) literacy * r


d) aviary

14. One contribution of Plato’s philosophy to work on memory was the idea that
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a) different impressions vary in quality * r r r r r


b) memory is tied exclusively to experience r r r r r


c) no man is an island r r r r


d) memories are stored in a collective subconscious r r r r r r

, 15. Aristotle’s laws of association include all of the following EXCEPT
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a) similarity
b) contiguity
c) contrast
d) idealized abstractions * r r




16. Aristotle’s laws of association include all of the following EXCEPT
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a) similarity
b) regularity * r


c) contrast
d) contiguity

17. Who was the seventeenth-century scientist/philosopher who developed a sophisticated
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theory of memory but never followed up on it, leaving it to fall into obscurity, further
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delaying the onset of a scientific study of memory?
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a) Isaac Newton r


b) Robert Hooke * r r


c) Charles Darwin r


d) Benjamin Franklin r




18. What influence did Darwin have on theories of memory?
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a) the idea that memory develops in a person through a selection process
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b) the concept that memory is dependent on a complex brain
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c) the idea that memory has developed over the generations to adapt to the demands of
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the environment * r r r


d) none

19. Memory development in a person is guided by his or her DNA.
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a) true
b) false
c) partially true* r


d) true, except for cases of brain damage r r r r r r




20. An important concept that is heavily used in theories of memory that developed out of
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the empiricist tradition is
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a) the association * r r


b) adaptation to changes in the environment r r r r r


c) the engram r


d) separation of mind and body r r r r




21. Empiricists such as Aristotle believed that memory operates as
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a) associations between experiences or stimuli * r r r r r


b) a bridge between perceptions and rational abstractions (since empirical
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observations are often distorted)
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c) an abstract, perfect realm without need for additional inquiry
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d) the rational link between the mind and the body
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