TEST BANK 1 1
Pathophysiology 7th Edition 1 1
Jacquelyn L. Banasik - ISBN: 9780323761550
1 1 1 1 1
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
,Chapter101:1Introduction1to1Pathophysiology
Banasik:1Pathophysiology,17th1Edition1
MULTIPLE1CHOICE
1. C.Q.1was1recently1exposed1to1group1A1hemolytic1Streptococcus1and1subsequently1developed1
a1pharyngeal1infection.1His1clinic1examination1reveals1an1oral1temperature1of1102.31F,1skin1rash,1dysp
hagia,1and1reddened1throat1mucosa1with1multiple1pustules.1He1complains1of1sore1throat,1malaise,1an
d1joint1stiffness.1A1throat1culture1is1positive1for1Streptococcus,1and1antibiotics1have1been1prescribed.
The1etiology1of1C.Q.’s1disease1is
a. a1sore1throat.
b. streptococcal1infection.
c. genetic1susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:1B
Etiology1refers1to1the1proposed1cause1or1causes1of1a1particular1disease1process.1A1sore1throat1is1the
1manifestation1of1the1disease1process.1Genetic1susceptibility1refers1to1inherited1tendency1to1develo
p1a1disease.1Pharyngitis1refers1to1inflammation1of1the1throat1and1is1also1a1clinical1manifestation1of1t
he1disease1process.
2. A117-year-old1college-
bound1student1receives1a1vaccine1against1an1organism1that1causes1meningitis.1This1is1an1examp
le1of
a. primary1prevention.
b. secondary1prevention.
c. tertiary1prevention.
d. disease1treatment
.1ANS:1A
NURSINGTB.COM
Primary1prevention1is1prevention1of1disease1by1altering1susceptibility1or1reducing1exposure1for1suscept
ible1individuals1by1providing1vaccination.1Secondary1prevention1is1the1early1detection,1screening,1and1
management1of1the1disease.1Tertiary1prevention1includes1rehabilitative1and1supportive1care1and
,attempts1to1alleviate1disability1and1restore1effective1functioning.1Disease1treatment1involv
es1management1of1the1disease1once1it1has1developed.
3. An1obese1but1otherwise1healthy1teen1is1given1a1prescription1for1a1low-
calorie1diet1and1exercise1program.1This1is1an1example1of
a. primary1prevention.
b. secondary1prevention.
c. tertiary1prevention.
d. disease1treatment
.1ANS:1B
Secondary1prevention1is1the1early1detection,1screening,1and1management1of1the1disease1such1
as1prescribing1diet1and1exercise1for1an1individual1who1has1already1developed1obesity.
Primary1prevention1is1prevention1of1disease1by1altering1susceptibility1or1reducing1exposure1for1suscep
tible1individuals.1Tertiary1prevention1includes1rehabilitative1and1supportive1care1and1attempts1to1allevi
ate1disability1and1restore1effective1functioning.1Disease1treatment1involves1management1of1the1diseas
e1once1it1has1developed.
4. A1patient1with1high1blood1pressure1who1is1otherwise1healthy1is1counseled1to1restrict1sodiu
m1intake.1This1is1an1example1of
a. primary1prevention.
b. secondary1prevention.
c. tertiary1prevention.
d. disease1treatment
.1ANS:1B
Secondary1prevention1is1the1early1detection,1screening,1and1management1of1the1disease,1such1as1by1p
rescribing1sodium1restriction1for1high1blood1pressure.1Primary1prevention1is1prevention1of1disease1by1
altering1susceptibility1or1reducing1exposure1for1susceptible1individuals.1Tertiary1prevention1includes1re
habilitative1and1supportive1care1and1attempts1to1alleviate1disability1and1restore1effective1functioning.1
Disease1treatment1involves1management1of1the1disease1once1it1has1developed.
, 5. After1suffering1a1heart1attack,1a1middle-aged1man1is1counseled1to1take1a1cholesterol-
lowering1medication.1This1is1an1example1of
a. primary1prevention.
b. secondary1prevention.
c. tertiary1prevention.
d. disease1treatment
.1ANS:1C
Tertiary1prevention1includes1rehabilitative1and1supportive1care1and1attempts1to1alleviate1disability1an
d1restore1effective1functioning1such1as1prescribing1a1cholesterol-lowering
medication1following1a1heart1attack.1Primary1prevention1is1prevention1of1disease1by1altering1suscep
tibility1or1reducing1expUosuSre1fNor1sTusceptibOle1individuals.1Secondary1prevention1is1the
early1detection,1screening,1and1management1of1the1disease.1Disease1treatment1involves1management1
of1the1disease1once1it1has1developed.
6. A1patient1has1been1exposed1to1meningococcal1meningitis,1but1is1not1yet1demonstrating1signs1
of1this1disease.1This1stage1of1illness1is1called1the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence1
ANS:1B
Incubation1refers1to1the1interval1between1exposure1of1a1tissue1to1an1injurious1agent1and1the1first1appe
arance1of1signs1and1symptoms.1In1infectious1diseases,1this1period1is1often1called1the1incubation1(latent)
1period.1Prodromal1refers1to1the1appearance1of1the1first1signs1and1symptoms1indicating1the1onset1of1a1
disease.1These1are1often1nonspecific,1such1as1headache,1malaise,1anorexia,1and1nausea,1which1are1asso
ciated1with1a1number1of1different1diseases.
Sequela1refers1to1subsequent1pathologic1condition1resulting1from1a1disease.1Convalescence1is1the1sta
ge1of1recovery1after1a1disease,1injury,1or1surgical1operation.
7. A1disease1that1is1native1to1a1particular1region1is1called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
Pathophysiology 7th Edition 1 1
Jacquelyn L. Banasik - ISBN: 9780323761550
1 1 1 1 1
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
,Chapter101:1Introduction1to1Pathophysiology
Banasik:1Pathophysiology,17th1Edition1
MULTIPLE1CHOICE
1. C.Q.1was1recently1exposed1to1group1A1hemolytic1Streptococcus1and1subsequently1developed1
a1pharyngeal1infection.1His1clinic1examination1reveals1an1oral1temperature1of1102.31F,1skin1rash,1dysp
hagia,1and1reddened1throat1mucosa1with1multiple1pustules.1He1complains1of1sore1throat,1malaise,1an
d1joint1stiffness.1A1throat1culture1is1positive1for1Streptococcus,1and1antibiotics1have1been1prescribed.
The1etiology1of1C.Q.’s1disease1is
a. a1sore1throat.
b. streptococcal1infection.
c. genetic1susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:1B
Etiology1refers1to1the1proposed1cause1or1causes1of1a1particular1disease1process.1A1sore1throat1is1the
1manifestation1of1the1disease1process.1Genetic1susceptibility1refers1to1inherited1tendency1to1develo
p1a1disease.1Pharyngitis1refers1to1inflammation1of1the1throat1and1is1also1a1clinical1manifestation1of1t
he1disease1process.
2. A117-year-old1college-
bound1student1receives1a1vaccine1against1an1organism1that1causes1meningitis.1This1is1an1examp
le1of
a. primary1prevention.
b. secondary1prevention.
c. tertiary1prevention.
d. disease1treatment
.1ANS:1A
NURSINGTB.COM
Primary1prevention1is1prevention1of1disease1by1altering1susceptibility1or1reducing1exposure1for1suscept
ible1individuals1by1providing1vaccination.1Secondary1prevention1is1the1early1detection,1screening,1and1
management1of1the1disease.1Tertiary1prevention1includes1rehabilitative1and1supportive1care1and
,attempts1to1alleviate1disability1and1restore1effective1functioning.1Disease1treatment1involv
es1management1of1the1disease1once1it1has1developed.
3. An1obese1but1otherwise1healthy1teen1is1given1a1prescription1for1a1low-
calorie1diet1and1exercise1program.1This1is1an1example1of
a. primary1prevention.
b. secondary1prevention.
c. tertiary1prevention.
d. disease1treatment
.1ANS:1B
Secondary1prevention1is1the1early1detection,1screening,1and1management1of1the1disease1such1
as1prescribing1diet1and1exercise1for1an1individual1who1has1already1developed1obesity.
Primary1prevention1is1prevention1of1disease1by1altering1susceptibility1or1reducing1exposure1for1suscep
tible1individuals.1Tertiary1prevention1includes1rehabilitative1and1supportive1care1and1attempts1to1allevi
ate1disability1and1restore1effective1functioning.1Disease1treatment1involves1management1of1the1diseas
e1once1it1has1developed.
4. A1patient1with1high1blood1pressure1who1is1otherwise1healthy1is1counseled1to1restrict1sodiu
m1intake.1This1is1an1example1of
a. primary1prevention.
b. secondary1prevention.
c. tertiary1prevention.
d. disease1treatment
.1ANS:1B
Secondary1prevention1is1the1early1detection,1screening,1and1management1of1the1disease,1such1as1by1p
rescribing1sodium1restriction1for1high1blood1pressure.1Primary1prevention1is1prevention1of1disease1by1
altering1susceptibility1or1reducing1exposure1for1susceptible1individuals.1Tertiary1prevention1includes1re
habilitative1and1supportive1care1and1attempts1to1alleviate1disability1and1restore1effective1functioning.1
Disease1treatment1involves1management1of1the1disease1once1it1has1developed.
, 5. After1suffering1a1heart1attack,1a1middle-aged1man1is1counseled1to1take1a1cholesterol-
lowering1medication.1This1is1an1example1of
a. primary1prevention.
b. secondary1prevention.
c. tertiary1prevention.
d. disease1treatment
.1ANS:1C
Tertiary1prevention1includes1rehabilitative1and1supportive1care1and1attempts1to1alleviate1disability1an
d1restore1effective1functioning1such1as1prescribing1a1cholesterol-lowering
medication1following1a1heart1attack.1Primary1prevention1is1prevention1of1disease1by1altering1suscep
tibility1or1reducing1expUosuSre1fNor1sTusceptibOle1individuals.1Secondary1prevention1is1the
early1detection,1screening,1and1management1of1the1disease.1Disease1treatment1involves1management1
of1the1disease1once1it1has1developed.
6. A1patient1has1been1exposed1to1meningococcal1meningitis,1but1is1not1yet1demonstrating1signs1
of1this1disease.1This1stage1of1illness1is1called1the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence1
ANS:1B
Incubation1refers1to1the1interval1between1exposure1of1a1tissue1to1an1injurious1agent1and1the1first1appe
arance1of1signs1and1symptoms.1In1infectious1diseases,1this1period1is1often1called1the1incubation1(latent)
1period.1Prodromal1refers1to1the1appearance1of1the1first1signs1and1symptoms1indicating1the1onset1of1a1
disease.1These1are1often1nonspecific,1such1as1headache,1malaise,1anorexia,1and1nausea,1which1are1asso
ciated1with1a1number1of1different1diseases.
Sequela1refers1to1subsequent1pathologic1condition1resulting1from1a1disease.1Convalescence1is1the1sta
ge1of1recovery1after1a1disease,1injury,1or1surgical1operation.
7. A1disease1that1is1native1to1a1particular1region1is1called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
