Mastering Biology Chapter 8
A space station orbiting Earth is exhibiting: - answer kinetic energy
"Conservation of energy" refers to the fact that _____. - answer energy cannot be
created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another
Chemical energy is a form of _____ energy. - answer potential
In your body, what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the
chemical energy found in ATP? - answer cellular respiration
Which of these are by-products of cellular respiration? - answer heat, carbon dioxide,
and water
In general, enzymes are what kinds of molecules? - answer proteins
Enzymes work by _____. - answer reducing EA (activation energy)
An enzyme _____. - answer is an organic catalyst
What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction? - answer
substrate
As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____. - answer is unchanged
What is the correct label for "A"? - answer energy of activation
Ammonia is used in numerous industrial processes, including the production of
pharmaceuticals such as sulfonamide and antimalarials and vitamins such as the B
vitamins. The equilibrium equation for the synthesis of ammonia (sometimes known as
the Haber process) is - answer(image)
The Haber process is typically carried out at a temperature of approximately 500. What
would happen to the rate of the forward reaction if the temperature were lowered to
100? - answer The reaction rate would decrease.
What would happen to the rate of the forward reaction if the concentration of nitrogen
were decreased? - answer The reaction rate would decrease.
Which of the following would increase the rate of the reverse reaction? - answer
increasing the concentration of ammonia
, What will happen to the rates of the forward and reverse reactions when a catalyst is
added? - answer Both forward and reverse rates increase.
Most product formed? - answer reaction catalyzed by enzyme B
Neither most nor least product formed? - answer reaction catalyzed by enzyme A
Least product formed? - answer uncatalyzed reaction
An enzyme is ___ when it loses its native conformation and its biological activity. -
answer denatured
An enzyme is considered a ___ because it speeds up chemical reactions without being
used up. - answer catalyst
An enzyme is considered ___ because of its ability to recognized the shape of a
particular molecule. - answer specific
A ___, such as a vitamin, binds to an enzyme and plays a role in catalysis. - answer
cofactor
When properly aligned, the enzyme and the substrate form an enzyme-sub rate (ES)
___. - answer complex
A substrate binds to an enzyme at the ___, where the reaction occurs. - answer active
site
In a catalyzed reaction, a reactant is often called the ___. - answer substrate
Select the highest energy form of adenosine from the following images. – answer ATP
adenosine triphosphate, contains most phosphate groups
Which part of the adenosine triphosphate molecule is released when it is hydrolyzed to
provide energy for biological reactions? - answer lambda-phosphate (the terminal
phosphate)
In this reaction _____. - answer the products have less potential energy than the
reactants and heat has been released to the environment
The reaction A --> B + C + heat is released in a(n) _____ reaction. - answer exergonic
A(n) _____ reaction occurs spontaneously. - answer exergonic
Which of these reactions requires a net input of energy from its surroundings? - answer
endergonic
A space station orbiting Earth is exhibiting: - answer kinetic energy
"Conservation of energy" refers to the fact that _____. - answer energy cannot be
created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another
Chemical energy is a form of _____ energy. - answer potential
In your body, what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the
chemical energy found in ATP? - answer cellular respiration
Which of these are by-products of cellular respiration? - answer heat, carbon dioxide,
and water
In general, enzymes are what kinds of molecules? - answer proteins
Enzymes work by _____. - answer reducing EA (activation energy)
An enzyme _____. - answer is an organic catalyst
What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction? - answer
substrate
As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____. - answer is unchanged
What is the correct label for "A"? - answer energy of activation
Ammonia is used in numerous industrial processes, including the production of
pharmaceuticals such as sulfonamide and antimalarials and vitamins such as the B
vitamins. The equilibrium equation for the synthesis of ammonia (sometimes known as
the Haber process) is - answer(image)
The Haber process is typically carried out at a temperature of approximately 500. What
would happen to the rate of the forward reaction if the temperature were lowered to
100? - answer The reaction rate would decrease.
What would happen to the rate of the forward reaction if the concentration of nitrogen
were decreased? - answer The reaction rate would decrease.
Which of the following would increase the rate of the reverse reaction? - answer
increasing the concentration of ammonia
, What will happen to the rates of the forward and reverse reactions when a catalyst is
added? - answer Both forward and reverse rates increase.
Most product formed? - answer reaction catalyzed by enzyme B
Neither most nor least product formed? - answer reaction catalyzed by enzyme A
Least product formed? - answer uncatalyzed reaction
An enzyme is ___ when it loses its native conformation and its biological activity. -
answer denatured
An enzyme is considered a ___ because it speeds up chemical reactions without being
used up. - answer catalyst
An enzyme is considered ___ because of its ability to recognized the shape of a
particular molecule. - answer specific
A ___, such as a vitamin, binds to an enzyme and plays a role in catalysis. - answer
cofactor
When properly aligned, the enzyme and the substrate form an enzyme-sub rate (ES)
___. - answer complex
A substrate binds to an enzyme at the ___, where the reaction occurs. - answer active
site
In a catalyzed reaction, a reactant is often called the ___. - answer substrate
Select the highest energy form of adenosine from the following images. – answer ATP
adenosine triphosphate, contains most phosphate groups
Which part of the adenosine triphosphate molecule is released when it is hydrolyzed to
provide energy for biological reactions? - answer lambda-phosphate (the terminal
phosphate)
In this reaction _____. - answer the products have less potential energy than the
reactants and heat has been released to the environment
The reaction A --> B + C + heat is released in a(n) _____ reaction. - answer exergonic
A(n) _____ reaction occurs spontaneously. - answer exergonic
Which of these reactions requires a net input of energy from its surroundings? - answer
endergonic
