NUR 122 GIGU Final Exam Questions And Answers
Rated A+
Gastritis ANS inflammation of the gastric mucosa
*Damages parietal cells, therefore, B12 cannot be absorbed. Due to the damage of the parietal cells
chronic gastritis ANS H. pylori
Long term NSAID use
Autoimmune disorders
Local irritation from radiation therapy
Bleeding in the UPPER GI comes out in poop as ANS Black and sticky
Peptic ulcers are associated with what infection? ANS H. pylori
Types of Ulcers ANS Gastric- H. pylori
Duodenal- lesions penetrate through mucousal layers into the muscle
Stress- occur after medical crisis- Burns
*Follow up care H2 blockers Famotidine
Pyloric obstruction Symptoms ANS N/V, constipation, epigastric fullness, anorexia,
weight loss (LATE SIGN)
Pyloric obstruction treatments ANS NG tube for decompression
IV fluid and electrolytes
Balloon dilation
Most common site for peptic ulcer formation ANS duodenum
,Peptic ulcer disease ANS Treatment
Take proton pump inhibitor (PPI) 30 MIN before a meal
Examples of PPI:
Nexium
Prilosec
Prevacid
**LONG TERM USE OF THESE DRUGS CAN LEAD TO OSTEOPOROSIS
Tell patient to INCREASE calcium and Vitamin D intake
What are patients at high risk for after Gastroectomy? ANS Anemia due to vitamin B12
deficiency
Folic acid deficiency
Iron deficiency
What does pernicious anemia result from? ANS Deficiency of vitamin B12
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
**ANTISECRETORY AGENT** ANS omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium),
pantoprazole (Protonix), lansoprazole (Prevacid), dexlansoprazole (Dexilant), rabeprazole (Aciphex)
decrease gastric HCl acid secretion
PPIs promote esophageal healing in approximately 80% to 90% of patients
also beneficial in decreasing the incidence of esophageal strictures
Upper GI bleed ANS coffee ground emesis
, Late cause of dumping syndrome ANS release of excessive amount of insulin
odynophagia can be caused by: ANS esophageal ulceration from : 1. radiation 2. caustic
ingestion 3. infections (candida, cytomegalovirus, HIV, herpes) 4. pill induced (aspirin, NSAI drugs)
Odynophagia ANS painful swallowing
achalasia ANS absence of peristalsis of the lower esophagus resulting in difficulty swallowing,
regurgitation, and sometimes pain
GERD ANS Backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus
*hiatal hernias increase risk for GERD
What do you want to instruct the patient to do who has GERD? ANS Sit upright for 1 hour after
eating
Antacids ANS neutralize the acids in the stomach
by INCREASING pH of gastric contents
Examples of antacids ANS Maalox, mylanta, tums, milk of magnesia
H2 Receptors ANS Reduce but DO NOT completely abolish acid secretion
Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid
PPI inhibitors ANS inhibits action of enzyme
*Main treatment for severe GERD
Rated A+
Gastritis ANS inflammation of the gastric mucosa
*Damages parietal cells, therefore, B12 cannot be absorbed. Due to the damage of the parietal cells
chronic gastritis ANS H. pylori
Long term NSAID use
Autoimmune disorders
Local irritation from radiation therapy
Bleeding in the UPPER GI comes out in poop as ANS Black and sticky
Peptic ulcers are associated with what infection? ANS H. pylori
Types of Ulcers ANS Gastric- H. pylori
Duodenal- lesions penetrate through mucousal layers into the muscle
Stress- occur after medical crisis- Burns
*Follow up care H2 blockers Famotidine
Pyloric obstruction Symptoms ANS N/V, constipation, epigastric fullness, anorexia,
weight loss (LATE SIGN)
Pyloric obstruction treatments ANS NG tube for decompression
IV fluid and electrolytes
Balloon dilation
Most common site for peptic ulcer formation ANS duodenum
,Peptic ulcer disease ANS Treatment
Take proton pump inhibitor (PPI) 30 MIN before a meal
Examples of PPI:
Nexium
Prilosec
Prevacid
**LONG TERM USE OF THESE DRUGS CAN LEAD TO OSTEOPOROSIS
Tell patient to INCREASE calcium and Vitamin D intake
What are patients at high risk for after Gastroectomy? ANS Anemia due to vitamin B12
deficiency
Folic acid deficiency
Iron deficiency
What does pernicious anemia result from? ANS Deficiency of vitamin B12
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
**ANTISECRETORY AGENT** ANS omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium),
pantoprazole (Protonix), lansoprazole (Prevacid), dexlansoprazole (Dexilant), rabeprazole (Aciphex)
decrease gastric HCl acid secretion
PPIs promote esophageal healing in approximately 80% to 90% of patients
also beneficial in decreasing the incidence of esophageal strictures
Upper GI bleed ANS coffee ground emesis
, Late cause of dumping syndrome ANS release of excessive amount of insulin
odynophagia can be caused by: ANS esophageal ulceration from : 1. radiation 2. caustic
ingestion 3. infections (candida, cytomegalovirus, HIV, herpes) 4. pill induced (aspirin, NSAI drugs)
Odynophagia ANS painful swallowing
achalasia ANS absence of peristalsis of the lower esophagus resulting in difficulty swallowing,
regurgitation, and sometimes pain
GERD ANS Backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus
*hiatal hernias increase risk for GERD
What do you want to instruct the patient to do who has GERD? ANS Sit upright for 1 hour after
eating
Antacids ANS neutralize the acids in the stomach
by INCREASING pH of gastric contents
Examples of antacids ANS Maalox, mylanta, tums, milk of magnesia
H2 Receptors ANS Reduce but DO NOT completely abolish acid secretion
Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid
PPI inhibitors ANS inhibits action of enzyme
*Main treatment for severe GERD
