ECPI 2019: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EXAM: CHAPTERS 1-3 Questions And Answers

ECPI 2019: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
EXAM: CHAPTERS 1-3 Questions And
Answers

ANATOMY: Study of structure of the human body and its parts




- Derived from the Greek word "cutting up"




PHYSIOLOGY: Study of functions of human body and its parts.




- Derived from the Greek word "relationship to nature"




-stasis: Having a state of balance or stability.




Ex: homeostasis




Peri- Around




Ex: pericardium (around the heart)

, ECPI 2019: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
EXAM: CHAPTERS 1-3 Questions And
Answers
Hypo: Low, under, beneath, down, or below normal




Ex: hypoglycemia - low blood sugar




Hyper: High, beyond, excessive, or above normal




Ex: hyperglycemia - high blood sugar




Epi: Upon, on top of




Pariet: A wall (of the body)




VISCERAL LAYER: Inner layer which covers an organ




PARIETAL LAYER: Outer layer which lines wall of cavity

, ECPI 2019: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
EXAM: CHAPTERS 1-3 Questions And
Answers
MEMDIASTINUM: Region between lungs in thoracic cavity, which contains heart,

esophagus, trachea, thymus gland.




CONTRALATERAL: Opposite sides




IPSILATERAL: Same side




HOMEOSTASIS: Maintenance of a stable internal environment.




LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN ORDER FROM MOST SIMPLE: Subatomic

particles

Atoms

Molecules

Macromolecules

Organelle

Cell

Tissue

, ECPI 2019: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
EXAM: CHAPTERS 1-3 Questions And
Answers
Organ

Organ system

Organism




SUBATOMIC PARTICLES: Protons, neutrons, electrons that make up cells




ATOM: Tiny particles that make up chemicals (hydrogen, carbon)




MOLECULE: Particles consisting of atoms joined together (water, glucose)




MACROMOLECULE: Large particles consisting of molecules (DNA, protein)




ORGANELLE: Functional part of a cell (mitochondrion, lysosome) - small version of an

organ

"little organ"




CELL: Basic unit of structure and functions (muscle, nerve, or blood cell)