DNA Sequencing and Genomics Vocabulary Exam Questions and Answers
Dideoxynuceotide - Answers used in sanger sequencing
also can called: ddNTP, ddATP, ddTTP, ddGTP, ddCTP
lacks a 3'hydroxyl group so it cannot be elongated by DNA polymerase
Sanger Sequencing - Answers most widely used sequencing method
based on the selective incorporation of didoxynuceotides by DNA polymerase during in vitro DNA
replication
Illumina sequencing - Answers allows you to get billions of bases generates billions of accurate reads
which makes sequencing must easier and faster
Shotgun sequencing - Answers 1. Cut genome into small fragments
2. Sequence each fragment
3. Assemble sequence
Allows for sequencing of long strands of DNA
sequence assembly - Answers merging and aligning fragments from a longer DNA sequence in order to
create the original sequence
Genome annotation - Answers process of identifying locations of genes and all of the coding regions in a
genome and determining what they do
Bioinformatics - Answers science of collecting and analyzing complex biological data such as genetic
codes
cDNA - Answers complementary DNA created through the process of reverse transcription using reverse
transcriptase
open reading frame - Answers part of reading frame that has a potential to be translated.
Continuous stretch that contain start codon AUG and end with a stop codon
alternative splicing - Answers regulated process during gene expression that results in a single gene
coding for multiple proteins
transposable elements - Answers parasitic segments of DNA that are capable of moving from one
location in a genome to another location
microsatellites - Answers short/simple sequence repeat that are repeating sequences of 1 to 5 bases
CACACACACA
Dideoxynuceotide - Answers used in sanger sequencing
also can called: ddNTP, ddATP, ddTTP, ddGTP, ddCTP
lacks a 3'hydroxyl group so it cannot be elongated by DNA polymerase
Sanger Sequencing - Answers most widely used sequencing method
based on the selective incorporation of didoxynuceotides by DNA polymerase during in vitro DNA
replication
Illumina sequencing - Answers allows you to get billions of bases generates billions of accurate reads
which makes sequencing must easier and faster
Shotgun sequencing - Answers 1. Cut genome into small fragments
2. Sequence each fragment
3. Assemble sequence
Allows for sequencing of long strands of DNA
sequence assembly - Answers merging and aligning fragments from a longer DNA sequence in order to
create the original sequence
Genome annotation - Answers process of identifying locations of genes and all of the coding regions in a
genome and determining what they do
Bioinformatics - Answers science of collecting and analyzing complex biological data such as genetic
codes
cDNA - Answers complementary DNA created through the process of reverse transcription using reverse
transcriptase
open reading frame - Answers part of reading frame that has a potential to be translated.
Continuous stretch that contain start codon AUG and end with a stop codon
alternative splicing - Answers regulated process during gene expression that results in a single gene
coding for multiple proteins
transposable elements - Answers parasitic segments of DNA that are capable of moving from one
location in a genome to another location
microsatellites - Answers short/simple sequence repeat that are repeating sequences of 1 to 5 bases
CACACACACA
