DNA Sequencing and Repair Mechanisms Review Questions and Answers Graded A+
Next-generation pyrosequencing - Answers A method that releases a flash of light when luciferase binds
to luciferin.
Spontaneous deaminination of adenine - Answers Leads to the formation of hypoxanthine.
Spontaneous deaminination of cytosine - Answers Leads to the formation of uracil.
Spontaneous deaminination of 5-methylcytosine - Answers Leads to the formation of thymine.
Spontaneous deaminination of guanine - Answers Leads to the formation of xanthine.
Spontaneous deaminination of uracil - Answers Leads to the formation of thymine.
Homologous recombination - Answers Occurs between homologous sequences in sister chromatids.
Dideoxyribonucleotides - Answers Terminate polynucleotide chain extension because they lack a 3' OH
group.
Missense mutation - Answers Can lead to a change in amino acid sequence.
Nonsense mutation - Answers Can lead to the introduction of a premature stop codon in the
polypeptide chain.
Silent mutation - Answers Can lead to no change in amino acid sequence.
O6 Methyl guanine - Answers Is repaired by O6 methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase.
Restriction enzymes - Answers Bind to specific DNA sequences.
Nucleotide excision repair - Answers Involves the cleavage of damaged DNA.
Exonuclease - Answers Removes nucleotides from one end of the DNA and does so in one direction.
Endonuclease - Answers Cleaves one strand of DNA at internal sites.
Chain terminators - Answers Are used in Sanger DNA sequencing.
DNA primers in PCR - Answers Provide the DNA polymerase with a free 3' OH group for chain extension.
Next-generation reversible terminator sequencing - Answers Uses light to identify the last nucleotide
added to the growing DNA chain.
Human genome - Answers Contains 1.5 percent of protein encoding sequences.
Protein coding sequences - Answers Encode proteins of unknown function in 30 percent of the human
genome.
Next-generation pyrosequencing - Answers A method that releases a flash of light when luciferase binds
to luciferin.
Spontaneous deaminination of adenine - Answers Leads to the formation of hypoxanthine.
Spontaneous deaminination of cytosine - Answers Leads to the formation of uracil.
Spontaneous deaminination of 5-methylcytosine - Answers Leads to the formation of thymine.
Spontaneous deaminination of guanine - Answers Leads to the formation of xanthine.
Spontaneous deaminination of uracil - Answers Leads to the formation of thymine.
Homologous recombination - Answers Occurs between homologous sequences in sister chromatids.
Dideoxyribonucleotides - Answers Terminate polynucleotide chain extension because they lack a 3' OH
group.
Missense mutation - Answers Can lead to a change in amino acid sequence.
Nonsense mutation - Answers Can lead to the introduction of a premature stop codon in the
polypeptide chain.
Silent mutation - Answers Can lead to no change in amino acid sequence.
O6 Methyl guanine - Answers Is repaired by O6 methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase.
Restriction enzymes - Answers Bind to specific DNA sequences.
Nucleotide excision repair - Answers Involves the cleavage of damaged DNA.
Exonuclease - Answers Removes nucleotides from one end of the DNA and does so in one direction.
Endonuclease - Answers Cleaves one strand of DNA at internal sites.
Chain terminators - Answers Are used in Sanger DNA sequencing.
DNA primers in PCR - Answers Provide the DNA polymerase with a free 3' OH group for chain extension.
Next-generation reversible terminator sequencing - Answers Uses light to identify the last nucleotide
added to the growing DNA chain.
Human genome - Answers Contains 1.5 percent of protein encoding sequences.
Protein coding sequences - Answers Encode proteins of unknown function in 30 percent of the human
genome.
