Nursing 115 Test 4 Study Guide

degree centigrade - oC degree Fahrenheit - °F before meals - ac after meals - pc ad lib - freely as desired ADL - activities of daily living bid - twice a day tid - three times a day qid - four times a day -c - with -s - without c/o - complains of cap - capsule DNR - do not resuscitate Dx or dx - diagnosis H&P - history and physical hs - at bedtime or hours of sleep I&O - intake and output O2 - Oxygen PO or Po - orally or by mouth IM - intramuscular IV - intravenous pm - when required, or as often as necessary subcut - subcutaneous stat - immediately TPR - temperature, pulse, respiration TLC - tender loving care VS - vital signs What is the significance of critical thinking in nursing? - Ability to make sound decisions good problem solving skills reflective thinking- looking back improves patient outcomes motivated by patients needs decisions are driven by standards and ethics honors patient values and beliefs need to know base define the "nursing process" - method used by nursing to solve patient problems list the 5 phases of the "nursing process" - - Assessment - Nursing Diagnosis - analysis - Planning - Implementation - Evaluation what types of data are included under assessment? - Gathering information ctive data---symptoms tives data--- signs define "nursing diagnosis" - -actual or potential problems that the nurse is capable and licensed to treat -analysis of the assessment findings -not medical diagnoses. Planning - identifying goals for your patient Implementation - nursing actions or interventions to meet the goals Evaluation - evaluating the nursing actions evaluating the goals evaluating the patients progress define "clinical judgment in nursing" - the process by which the nurse decides on data to be collected about a client define "concept mapping care plan" and how is it used in nursing - diagram of patient problems and interventions. Planning and organizing Define "evidence based practice" - Approach to the delivery of health care tat integrates the best evidence of research studies and patient care data with clinical expertise and patient preferences and values Describe how evidences-based practice is utilized in nursing practice - Injections hand washing donning and doffing PPE nurse staffing pressure ulcer prevention 2 step blood pressure check How is family functioning altered during a member's illness? - Role reversal entire family is affected increases stress/anxiety family disruption anger and guilt financial difficulties confusion values are reassessed priorities are shifted working together may enhanced strengths of individual family members What are the characteristics of a culturally competent nurse? - Understands the differences in cultures interprets patient's behaviors correctly planning care recognizing cultural influences knowledgeable of various cultures understanding of attitudes, beliefs, personal space, medications, and effects on illness How does an individual's culture influence his/her illness behavior? - Meanings that are attached to the illness perceptions of treatment determines if individual seeks help predicted or expected behaviors What factors influence illness behaviors? - • Internal influences o Dependency o Ability to cope o Ability to manage and maintain control over the situation o Resourceful o Resilience o Spiritual beliefs • External influences o Past experiences o Culture Acute illnesses - short term; appear suddenly; subside quickly; may not require medical attention; examples: common cold, acute appendicitis. Chronic Illness - usually cannot be cured develop gradually require continuous medical attention may be lifelong examples: