SPECIALISED CELLS AND STEM CELLS
Red Blood Cells :
specialised for carrying Oxygen
Small biconcave shape
,
↳ to
give a larger surface area for absorbing & releasing energy
↳ contains
naemoglobin
↳ it contains a lot of iron
↳ binds to oxygen to carry it around the body
↳ no nucleus
↳ crees up space for more haemoglobin
so more oxygen is transported
White Blood Cells :
Specialised for decending the body against disease
EmbryonicStem cells can turn into amy type of cell
cell differentiation when cels change to become specialised for its purpose/job
·
:
changing ceus develop different organelles , allowing them to carry out specific
functions
undifferentiated ceus=stem ceus
↳
produce more undifferentiated ceus
can divide to
↳ can differentiate into different types of cells
stem cells are sound in human embryos
Adult stem cells
only sound in certain places (e g Done marrow
. .
can only turn into certain Cells . red blood Ceus)
(e g .
Stem cells from embryos or bone marrow can be grown in a lab to produce clones
Advantages of stem cells :
Disadvantages of stem cels :
↳ can be used to cure disease ·
there are risks of infection
↳ stem cells transferred from the bone marrow is a stem cell gets infected With
of a healthy person can replace faulty a virusin the lab and passed
blood cels in the patient receiving them on to a patient , it could make
↳ embryonic stem cells can replace cells in them sicker
a sick person
Moral/Ethical issues :
↳ human
embryos are potential human life and shouldn't be used for experiments
↳
existing succening patients rights are more important than the rights of an embryo
↳ the embryos are usually unwanted from sertility clinics and would others be destroyed
↳ some think scientists should develop other sources of stem Cells
ROOT HAIR CELLS
plant roots grow into long hairs which stick out in the soil
↳ thesehairs are microscopic
↳ each branch of these roots have millions of hairs
↳ gives the plant a big surface area for absorbing water from the soil
↳ water is taken in via osmosis
↳ higher conc .
of water in the soil than the root so water is taken in
Red Blood Cells :
specialised for carrying Oxygen
Small biconcave shape
,
↳ to
give a larger surface area for absorbing & releasing energy
↳ contains
naemoglobin
↳ it contains a lot of iron
↳ binds to oxygen to carry it around the body
↳ no nucleus
↳ crees up space for more haemoglobin
so more oxygen is transported
White Blood Cells :
Specialised for decending the body against disease
EmbryonicStem cells can turn into amy type of cell
cell differentiation when cels change to become specialised for its purpose/job
·
:
changing ceus develop different organelles , allowing them to carry out specific
functions
undifferentiated ceus=stem ceus
↳
produce more undifferentiated ceus
can divide to
↳ can differentiate into different types of cells
stem cells are sound in human embryos
Adult stem cells
only sound in certain places (e g Done marrow
. .
can only turn into certain Cells . red blood Ceus)
(e g .
Stem cells from embryos or bone marrow can be grown in a lab to produce clones
Advantages of stem cells :
Disadvantages of stem cels :
↳ can be used to cure disease ·
there are risks of infection
↳ stem cells transferred from the bone marrow is a stem cell gets infected With
of a healthy person can replace faulty a virusin the lab and passed
blood cels in the patient receiving them on to a patient , it could make
↳ embryonic stem cells can replace cells in them sicker
a sick person
Moral/Ethical issues :
↳ human
embryos are potential human life and shouldn't be used for experiments
↳
existing succening patients rights are more important than the rights of an embryo
↳ the embryos are usually unwanted from sertility clinics and would others be destroyed
↳ some think scientists should develop other sources of stem Cells
ROOT HAIR CELLS
plant roots grow into long hairs which stick out in the soil
↳ thesehairs are microscopic
↳ each branch of these roots have millions of hairs
↳ gives the plant a big surface area for absorbing water from the soil
↳ water is taken in via osmosis
↳ higher conc .
of water in the soil than the root so water is taken in
