BIO 182 Exam 1 Study Guide questions
& answers 2024-2025 updated
The ideas of Lamarck - correct answer ✔✔In the 19th Century Lamark proposed a mechanism referred
to as the inheritance of acquired characteristics, which states that changes that affect an organism
during its lifetime would be passed to its offspring (ie. stress of environment or Behr
Evolution by Natural selection (understanding the mechanism) - correct answer ✔✔requires that
organisms possess heritable differences and that certain organisms reproduce more than others.
Applying the idea of natural selection to understand how populations of bacteria become immune to
antibiotics - correct answer ✔✔The antibiotic action is an environmental pressure; those bacteria which
have a mutation allowing them to survive will live on to reproduce. They will then pass this trait to their
offspring, which will be a fully resistant generation.
The Scientific method (definit'n) - correct answer ✔✔Consists of steps that combine reasoning and
observations.
SM Controls - correct answer ✔✔A group in a study that received no treatment of a placebo to compare
the outcome of control to the hypothesis.
SM dependent vs independent variables - correct answer ✔✔An independent variable is the variable
that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. A
dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment
SM replicates - correct answer ✔✔A count the of individual samples or observations in any statistical
setting, such as a scientific experiment or a public opinion survey. Sample size is a critical determination
for a project. Too small a sample yields unreliable results, while an overly large sample demands a good
deal of time and resources. On
Heritability - correct answer ✔✔A statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the
degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between
individuals in that population.
& answers 2024-2025 updated
The ideas of Lamarck - correct answer ✔✔In the 19th Century Lamark proposed a mechanism referred
to as the inheritance of acquired characteristics, which states that changes that affect an organism
during its lifetime would be passed to its offspring (ie. stress of environment or Behr
Evolution by Natural selection (understanding the mechanism) - correct answer ✔✔requires that
organisms possess heritable differences and that certain organisms reproduce more than others.
Applying the idea of natural selection to understand how populations of bacteria become immune to
antibiotics - correct answer ✔✔The antibiotic action is an environmental pressure; those bacteria which
have a mutation allowing them to survive will live on to reproduce. They will then pass this trait to their
offspring, which will be a fully resistant generation.
The Scientific method (definit'n) - correct answer ✔✔Consists of steps that combine reasoning and
observations.
SM Controls - correct answer ✔✔A group in a study that received no treatment of a placebo to compare
the outcome of control to the hypothesis.
SM dependent vs independent variables - correct answer ✔✔An independent variable is the variable
that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. A
dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment
SM replicates - correct answer ✔✔A count the of individual samples or observations in any statistical
setting, such as a scientific experiment or a public opinion survey. Sample size is a critical determination
for a project. Too small a sample yields unreliable results, while an overly large sample demands a good
deal of time and resources. On
Heritability - correct answer ✔✔A statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the
degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between
individuals in that population.
