Nursing 308 Exam 2 Questions with correct answers
Which instruction by the nurse is given to a patient who is about to
undergo Holter monitoring is most appropriate?
A. "You may remove the monitor only to shower or bathe."
B. "You should connect the monitor whenever you feel symptoms."
C. "You should refrain from exercising while wearing this monitor."
D. "You will need to keep a diary of all your activities and symptoms."
Correct Answer-D. "You will need to keep a diary of all your activities
and symptoms."
A Holter monitor is worn continuously for at least 24 hours while a
patient continues with usual activity and keeps a diary of activities and
symptoms. The patient should not take a bath or shower while wearing
this monitor.
The nurse is admitting a patient who is scheduled to undergo a cardiac
catheterization. What allergy information is most important for the nurse
to assess and document before this procedure?
A. Iron
B. Iodine
C. Aspirin
D. Penicillin Correct Answer-B. Iodine
The physician will usually use an iodine-based contrast to perform this
procedure. Therefore it is imperative to know whether or not the patient
,is allergic to iodine or shellfish. Knowledge of allergies to iron, aspirin,
or penicillin will be secondary.
The blood pressure of an older adult patient admitted with pneumonia is
160/70 mm Hg. What is an age-related change that contributes to this
finding?
A. Stenosis of the heart valves
B. Decreased adrenergic sensitivity
C. Increased parasympathetic activity
D. Loss of elasticity in arterial vessels Correct Answer-D. Loss of
elasticity in arterial vessels Correct
An age-related change that increases the risk of systolic hypertension is
a loss of elasticity in the arterial walls. Because of the increasing
resistance to flow, pressure is increased within the blood vessel, and
hypertension results. Valvular rigidity of aging causes murmurs, and
decreased adrenergic sensitivity slows the heart rate. Blood pressure is
not raised. Increased parasympathetic activity would slow the heart rate.
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has decreased cardiac
output related to heart failure. What should the nurse recognize about
cardiac output?
A. It is calculated by multiplying the patient's stroke volume by the heart
rate.
B. It is the average amount of blood ejected during one complete cardiac
cycle.
,C. It is determined by measuring the electrical activity of the heart and
the patient's heart rate.
D. It is the patient's average resting heart rate multiplied by the patient's
mean arterial blood pressure. Correct Answer-A. It is calculated by
multiplying the patient's stroke volume by the heart rate.
Cardiac output is determined by multiplying the patient's stroke volume
by heart rate, thus identifying how much blood is pumped by the heart
over a 1-minute period. Electrical activity of the heart and blood
pressure are not direct components of cardiac output.
The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient with fatigue and
shortness of breath. Auscultation of the heart reveals the presence of a
murmur. What is this assessment finding indicative of?
A. Increased viscosity of the patient's blood
B. Turbulent blood flow across a heart valve
C. Friction between the heart and the myocardium
D. A deficit in heart conductivity that impairs normal contractility
Correct Answer-B. Turbulent blood flow across a heart valve
Turbulent blood flow across the affected valve results in a murmur. A
murmur is not a direct result of variances in blood viscosity,
conductivity, or friction between the heart and myocardium.
While assessing the cardiovascular status of a patient, the nurse performs
auscultation. Which intervention should the nurse implement in the
assessment during auscultation?
, A. Position the patient supine.
B. Ask the patient to hold his or her breath.
C. Palpate the radial pulse while auscultating the apical pulse.
D. Use the bell of the stethoscope when auscultating S1 and S2. Correct
Answer-C. Palpate the radial pulse while auscultating the apical pulse.
To detect a pulse deficit, simultaneously palpate the radial pulse when
auscultating the apical area. The diaphragm is more appropriate than the
bell when auscultating S1 and S2. A sitting or side-lying position is most
appropriate for cardiac auscultation. It is not necessary to ask the patient
to hold his or her breath during cardiac auscultation.
A patient presents to the emergency department with reports of chest
pain for 3 hours. What component of his blood work is most clearly
indicative of a myocardial infarction (MI)?
A. CK-MB
B. Troponin
C. Myoglobin
D. C-reactive protein Correct Answer-B. Troponin
Troponin is the biomarker of choice in the diagnosis of MI, with
sensitivity and specificity that exceed those of CK-MB and myoglobin.
CRP levels are not used to diagnose acute MI.
Which instruction by the nurse is given to a patient who is about to
undergo Holter monitoring is most appropriate?
A. "You may remove the monitor only to shower or bathe."
B. "You should connect the monitor whenever you feel symptoms."
C. "You should refrain from exercising while wearing this monitor."
D. "You will need to keep a diary of all your activities and symptoms."
Correct Answer-D. "You will need to keep a diary of all your activities
and symptoms."
A Holter monitor is worn continuously for at least 24 hours while a
patient continues with usual activity and keeps a diary of activities and
symptoms. The patient should not take a bath or shower while wearing
this monitor.
The nurse is admitting a patient who is scheduled to undergo a cardiac
catheterization. What allergy information is most important for the nurse
to assess and document before this procedure?
A. Iron
B. Iodine
C. Aspirin
D. Penicillin Correct Answer-B. Iodine
The physician will usually use an iodine-based contrast to perform this
procedure. Therefore it is imperative to know whether or not the patient
,is allergic to iodine or shellfish. Knowledge of allergies to iron, aspirin,
or penicillin will be secondary.
The blood pressure of an older adult patient admitted with pneumonia is
160/70 mm Hg. What is an age-related change that contributes to this
finding?
A. Stenosis of the heart valves
B. Decreased adrenergic sensitivity
C. Increased parasympathetic activity
D. Loss of elasticity in arterial vessels Correct Answer-D. Loss of
elasticity in arterial vessels Correct
An age-related change that increases the risk of systolic hypertension is
a loss of elasticity in the arterial walls. Because of the increasing
resistance to flow, pressure is increased within the blood vessel, and
hypertension results. Valvular rigidity of aging causes murmurs, and
decreased adrenergic sensitivity slows the heart rate. Blood pressure is
not raised. Increased parasympathetic activity would slow the heart rate.
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has decreased cardiac
output related to heart failure. What should the nurse recognize about
cardiac output?
A. It is calculated by multiplying the patient's stroke volume by the heart
rate.
B. It is the average amount of blood ejected during one complete cardiac
cycle.
,C. It is determined by measuring the electrical activity of the heart and
the patient's heart rate.
D. It is the patient's average resting heart rate multiplied by the patient's
mean arterial blood pressure. Correct Answer-A. It is calculated by
multiplying the patient's stroke volume by the heart rate.
Cardiac output is determined by multiplying the patient's stroke volume
by heart rate, thus identifying how much blood is pumped by the heart
over a 1-minute period. Electrical activity of the heart and blood
pressure are not direct components of cardiac output.
The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient with fatigue and
shortness of breath. Auscultation of the heart reveals the presence of a
murmur. What is this assessment finding indicative of?
A. Increased viscosity of the patient's blood
B. Turbulent blood flow across a heart valve
C. Friction between the heart and the myocardium
D. A deficit in heart conductivity that impairs normal contractility
Correct Answer-B. Turbulent blood flow across a heart valve
Turbulent blood flow across the affected valve results in a murmur. A
murmur is not a direct result of variances in blood viscosity,
conductivity, or friction between the heart and myocardium.
While assessing the cardiovascular status of a patient, the nurse performs
auscultation. Which intervention should the nurse implement in the
assessment during auscultation?
, A. Position the patient supine.
B. Ask the patient to hold his or her breath.
C. Palpate the radial pulse while auscultating the apical pulse.
D. Use the bell of the stethoscope when auscultating S1 and S2. Correct
Answer-C. Palpate the radial pulse while auscultating the apical pulse.
To detect a pulse deficit, simultaneously palpate the radial pulse when
auscultating the apical area. The diaphragm is more appropriate than the
bell when auscultating S1 and S2. A sitting or side-lying position is most
appropriate for cardiac auscultation. It is not necessary to ask the patient
to hold his or her breath during cardiac auscultation.
A patient presents to the emergency department with reports of chest
pain for 3 hours. What component of his blood work is most clearly
indicative of a myocardial infarction (MI)?
A. CK-MB
B. Troponin
C. Myoglobin
D. C-reactive protein Correct Answer-B. Troponin
Troponin is the biomarker of choice in the diagnosis of MI, with
sensitivity and specificity that exceed those of CK-MB and myoglobin.
CRP levels are not used to diagnose acute MI.
