NIU NURS 308 EXAM I Questions with correct
answers
Mast cell receptors Correct Answer-H1 receptors (proinflammatory)
Innate immunity Correct Answer-1st line of defense
natural barriers- physical,mechanical, biochemical
at place at birth
rapid onset
1st line Correct Answer-constant
no memory involved
EX- skin
linings of GI, genitourinary and respiratory tracts
sloughing off of cells
cough & sneeze
flushing
vomitting
mucus and cilia
antimicrobial peptides- kill growth of diseases
normal bacterial flora-nonpathogenic
broad spectrum antibiotics Correct Answer-prolonged treatment can
alter the normal microbiome decreasing its protective activity and lead
to an overgrowth of pathogenic microorganisms
,opportunistic microorganisms Correct Answer-can cause disease if the
individual's defenses are compromised
Inflammatory response Correct Answer-2nd line of defense
nonspecific
protect the body from further injury
promote healing
Inflammatory response Correct Answer-1. occurs in tissues with a blood
supply (Vascularized)
2.is activated rapidly (within seconds) after damage occurs
3. depends on the activity of both cellular and chemical components
4. nonspecific
adaptive immunity Correct Answer-3rd line of defense
slower
more specific
Memory
acquired
kicks in when natural barriers have been broken
,*Long term* highly effective protection against future exposure to the
same microorganism
humoral immunity Correct Answer-immunoglobulins (antibodies )
bind to antigens on bacteria viruses
produced by plasma cells that mature from b lymphocytes in response to
antigens
IgG
IgA
IgM
IgD
IgE
Second line of defense Correct Answer-inflammatory response
1st immune response to injury
caused by infection, mechanical damage, ischemia, temperature
extremes, radiation
local manifestations 4 cardinal signs
NONSPECIFIC
2nd line vascular response Correct Answer-1.blood dilation
, 2.increased vascular permeability and 3.leakage=fluid leaks out of the
vessel(exudation) and causes swelling (edema)
4. WBC adherence to the inner walls of the vessels and migration
through the vessels
Cardinal signs of inflammation Correct Answer-Redness
heat
swelling
pain
loss of functions
Redness, heat Correct Answer-vasodilation-slower blood velocity and
increases blood flow to the injured site
Swelling Correct Answer-exudate formation
wbc
pain
loss of function Correct Answer-swelling
Inflammation goals Correct Answer-prevent spread to healthy tissue
limit & control the inflammatory process--prevent the spread to healthy
tissue
prevent and limit infection & further damage
answers
Mast cell receptors Correct Answer-H1 receptors (proinflammatory)
Innate immunity Correct Answer-1st line of defense
natural barriers- physical,mechanical, biochemical
at place at birth
rapid onset
1st line Correct Answer-constant
no memory involved
EX- skin
linings of GI, genitourinary and respiratory tracts
sloughing off of cells
cough & sneeze
flushing
vomitting
mucus and cilia
antimicrobial peptides- kill growth of diseases
normal bacterial flora-nonpathogenic
broad spectrum antibiotics Correct Answer-prolonged treatment can
alter the normal microbiome decreasing its protective activity and lead
to an overgrowth of pathogenic microorganisms
,opportunistic microorganisms Correct Answer-can cause disease if the
individual's defenses are compromised
Inflammatory response Correct Answer-2nd line of defense
nonspecific
protect the body from further injury
promote healing
Inflammatory response Correct Answer-1. occurs in tissues with a blood
supply (Vascularized)
2.is activated rapidly (within seconds) after damage occurs
3. depends on the activity of both cellular and chemical components
4. nonspecific
adaptive immunity Correct Answer-3rd line of defense
slower
more specific
Memory
acquired
kicks in when natural barriers have been broken
,*Long term* highly effective protection against future exposure to the
same microorganism
humoral immunity Correct Answer-immunoglobulins (antibodies )
bind to antigens on bacteria viruses
produced by plasma cells that mature from b lymphocytes in response to
antigens
IgG
IgA
IgM
IgD
IgE
Second line of defense Correct Answer-inflammatory response
1st immune response to injury
caused by infection, mechanical damage, ischemia, temperature
extremes, radiation
local manifestations 4 cardinal signs
NONSPECIFIC
2nd line vascular response Correct Answer-1.blood dilation
, 2.increased vascular permeability and 3.leakage=fluid leaks out of the
vessel(exudation) and causes swelling (edema)
4. WBC adherence to the inner walls of the vessels and migration
through the vessels
Cardinal signs of inflammation Correct Answer-Redness
heat
swelling
pain
loss of functions
Redness, heat Correct Answer-vasodilation-slower blood velocity and
increases blood flow to the injured site
Swelling Correct Answer-exudate formation
wbc
pain
loss of function Correct Answer-swelling
Inflammation goals Correct Answer-prevent spread to healthy tissue
limit & control the inflammatory process--prevent the spread to healthy
tissue
prevent and limit infection & further damage
