Chemistry 2 ACS questions and answers
Intermolecular forces ✔✔Are the attractive forces that exist between all molecules and
atoms. They hold liquids and solids together. responsible for the existence of
condensed states
Gas ✔✔Name the state- Density low, shape indefinite, volume indefinite,
intermolecular forces are weak
Liquid ✔✔Name the state- density high, shape, indefinite, volume definite, strength
moderate,
Solid ✔✔Name the state- density high, shape definite, volume definite, intermolecular
forces strong
crystalline solids ✔✔solid that their particles are arranged in an orderly geometric
patern, salt and diamonds
Amorphous solids ✔✔solids that don't show a regular geometric pattern over a long
range, plastic and glass
heating cooling or pressure ✔✔phasse changes can be induced by?
boling point ✔✔a substance with strong attractive forces will have a high?
stronger attraction ✔✔Larger charge=
longer distance ✔✔_____ = weaker attraction
dispersion forces also known as van der waals forces all molecules and atoms have
them ✔✔Temporary polarity in the molecules due to unequal electron distribution leads
to attractions called
Dipole-dipole attractions ✔✔Permanent polarity in the molecules due to their structure
leads to attractive forces called
Hydrogen bond ✔✔an especlly strong dipole-dipole attraction results when H is
attached to an extremely electronegative atom these are called
, increases ✔✔As the molar mass increases the number of electrons increases. There
fore the strength of the dispersion forces ___________ and the boiling point
_____________
lower ✔✔Branched chains have _______ BPs than straight chains
surface to surface ✔✔Straight chain isomers have more _____ to ________ contact
dipole ✔✔polar molecules have a permanent ____
Boiling point ✔✔Polar molecules have a greater ______ than non polar molecules of
similar size and shape because the permanent dipole adds to the attractive forces
between the molecules
higher ✔✔a substance with hydrogen bonds will have a _________ boiling point than a
sbstance with dipole dipole forces
hydrogen bond ✔✔When H is bonded to F, O, or N
ion-dipole forces ✔✔the positive or negative ends of a polar molecule attract oppositly
charged ions
dispersion forces ✔✔Weakest of molecular attractions, present in all molecules and
atoms, their magnitude increases with molar mass
polar molecules ✔✔have dipole-dipole attractive forces
Hydrogen bonds ✔✔strongest of dipole-dipole interaction, the strongest intermolecular
attractive forces a pure substance can have, present only when a molecule has H
directly bonded to either O, N, or F atoms. the only example of H bonded to F is HF
Ion-dipole attractions ✔✔present in mixtures of ionic compounds with polar malecules,
the strong intermolecular atractions, especially important in aqueors solutions of ionic
compounds
surface tension ✔✔property of liquids that results from the tendency to minimize their
fsurface area.
surface ✔✔The layer of molecules on the _________ behaves differently than that on
the interior, because the cohesive forces on the surface molecules have a net pull into
the liquid interior
potential energy ✔✔sufrace molcules have a higher ____ ____ than interior molecules
Intermolecular forces ✔✔Are the attractive forces that exist between all molecules and
atoms. They hold liquids and solids together. responsible for the existence of
condensed states
Gas ✔✔Name the state- Density low, shape indefinite, volume indefinite,
intermolecular forces are weak
Liquid ✔✔Name the state- density high, shape, indefinite, volume definite, strength
moderate,
Solid ✔✔Name the state- density high, shape definite, volume definite, intermolecular
forces strong
crystalline solids ✔✔solid that their particles are arranged in an orderly geometric
patern, salt and diamonds
Amorphous solids ✔✔solids that don't show a regular geometric pattern over a long
range, plastic and glass
heating cooling or pressure ✔✔phasse changes can be induced by?
boling point ✔✔a substance with strong attractive forces will have a high?
stronger attraction ✔✔Larger charge=
longer distance ✔✔_____ = weaker attraction
dispersion forces also known as van der waals forces all molecules and atoms have
them ✔✔Temporary polarity in the molecules due to unequal electron distribution leads
to attractions called
Dipole-dipole attractions ✔✔Permanent polarity in the molecules due to their structure
leads to attractive forces called
Hydrogen bond ✔✔an especlly strong dipole-dipole attraction results when H is
attached to an extremely electronegative atom these are called
, increases ✔✔As the molar mass increases the number of electrons increases. There
fore the strength of the dispersion forces ___________ and the boiling point
_____________
lower ✔✔Branched chains have _______ BPs than straight chains
surface to surface ✔✔Straight chain isomers have more _____ to ________ contact
dipole ✔✔polar molecules have a permanent ____
Boiling point ✔✔Polar molecules have a greater ______ than non polar molecules of
similar size and shape because the permanent dipole adds to the attractive forces
between the molecules
higher ✔✔a substance with hydrogen bonds will have a _________ boiling point than a
sbstance with dipole dipole forces
hydrogen bond ✔✔When H is bonded to F, O, or N
ion-dipole forces ✔✔the positive or negative ends of a polar molecule attract oppositly
charged ions
dispersion forces ✔✔Weakest of molecular attractions, present in all molecules and
atoms, their magnitude increases with molar mass
polar molecules ✔✔have dipole-dipole attractive forces
Hydrogen bonds ✔✔strongest of dipole-dipole interaction, the strongest intermolecular
attractive forces a pure substance can have, present only when a molecule has H
directly bonded to either O, N, or F atoms. the only example of H bonded to F is HF
Ion-dipole attractions ✔✔present in mixtures of ionic compounds with polar malecules,
the strong intermolecular atractions, especially important in aqueors solutions of ionic
compounds
surface tension ✔✔property of liquids that results from the tendency to minimize their
fsurface area.
surface ✔✔The layer of molecules on the _________ behaves differently than that on
the interior, because the cohesive forces on the surface molecules have a net pull into
the liquid interior
potential energy ✔✔sufrace molcules have a higher ____ ____ than interior molecules
