TherapeuticzIndexz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Vitallyzimportantztozpsychopharmacology.zThezareazbetweenzthezdrugzdosagezneededztozhelpzandzthezam
ountzthatziszdangerouszorzlethal.
TherapeuticzIndexzExamplez-zCORRECTzANSWER-
LithiumzforzbipolarzdisorderszhavezveryzLOWztherapeuticzindex,zthuszthereziszazSMALLzwindowzbetweenzef
ficacyzandzpotentialzlethality
"DirtyzDrugs"z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Informalztermzforzdrugszthatzmayzbindztozmanyzdifferentzmolecularztargetszorzreceptorszinzthezbodyzandzt
endztozhavezazwidezrangezofzeffectszandzadversezdrugzreactions
Medicationszthatzcausezhighzratezofzunintendedzeffectszreferredztozinzhealthzcarezcommunityzasz-
zCORRECTzANSWER-DirtyzDrugs
Examplezofzdirtyzdrugzsymptomsz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
samezactivezingredientzthatzreduceszbladderzspamszmightzalsozcausezconstipationzbyzreducingzintestinalzc
ontractionszorzeyezdrynesszbyzblockingzacetylcholinez(neurotransmitterzthatzplayszazrolezinzmemory,zlearni
ng,zattention,zarousalzandzinvoluntaryzmusclezmovement)zatzthezreceptorszthatzcontrolzbodyzsecretion
Boringzpartyz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Drugzdoesn'tzworkz
Feelingzdisappointed,zwhat'szthezpoint?
NicezPartyz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Youzrememberzandzhadzazgoodztime.zLikezazdrugzthatzworkszwithzfewzsidezeffects
RagerzPartyz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Feelzawful,zpartyzworkedzbutzazlittleztoozwellz
Dirtyzdrugzitztrashesztheznervouszsystem
AddictionzorzDrugzDependencez-zCORRECTzANSWER-Drugzwaszassociatedzwithztolerancezandzwithdrawal
, Tolerancez-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Overtimezthezbodyzadjustsztozthezdrugzandzmoreziszneededzforzthezsamezeffect
Withdrawalz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Drugziszdiscontinuedzleadsztozoppositezeffect
Homeostasisz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Behindztolerancezandzwithdrawalz
Thezbodyzfightszback
Exampleszofzconceptszofztolerancezandzwithdrawalzbeingzchallengedz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Antidepressantsz
Alcoholz
Ratztolerancez(studyzcase)
Tolerancezandzwithdrawalzarez-zCORRECTzANSWER-Oftenzassociatedzwithzhomeostasiszbutznotzalways
Homeostaticzmechanismzarezunopposedzbyz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Nozdrug
Drugszthatzhavezwithdrawalzsymptomszbutznozcompulsivezdrugzseekingz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Antidepressantsz
Lithiumz
Valproatez(Depakote)z
Antipsychotics
Drugszusuallyzactzonz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Azparticularzneurotransmitter
Agonistsz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Promotezaction
Antagonistz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Inhibitzaction
Anticholinergicz-zCORRECTzANSWER-Mostzpsychotropiczdrugszaszthisz