Parasitology Exam I and answers
Gravid proglottid✔✔a proglottid containing fully developed eggs or shelled embryos
Rostellum✔✔dome-shaped area on the apex of the scolex, often with hooks
Tegument✔✔syncytium, structure through which all required substances are
absorbed
Oncosphere✔✔a tapeworm envelop that has 6 suckers or hooks
Diphyllobothrium latum✔✔adult in small intestine->eggs in feces->egg hatches in
water->free swimming coracidium eaten by copepod->procercoid->fish eats
copepod->pleurocercoid->definitive host eats infected fish
Pleurocercoid✔✔infectious stage of Duphyllobothrium latum
Gravid proglottids✔✔asegment of the helminth's strobila that is composed of
degenerated reproductive structures full of eggs
Mature proglottids✔✔a segment of the helminth's strobila that contains a
monoecious reproductive structures
Cysticerci✔✔infectious stage of Taenia spp.
Echinococcus granulosus✔✔adult in small intestine->embryonated egg in feces-
>oncosphere penetrates intestinal wall->unilocular hydatid cysts form->scolex attach
to intestine of host
Sparganosis✔✔infectious disease caused by migrating pleurocercoids in host
tissues
Hydatid Cyst✔✔unilocular or multilocular, thick outer non-cellular layer, thin inner
nucleated germinal layer, contains protoscolicies
Hydatid Sand✔✔the release of protoscolicies
Anaphylactic Shock✔✔systemic allergic reaction caused by bursting of hyatid cyst
within host
Echinococcus multilocularis✔✔mainly found in foxes, metacestode=multilocular
cysts
Hymenolepis nana✔✔1)The most common cestode in humans 2) Doesn't require an
intermediate host to infect humans 3) Eggs directly develop into adults
Zoonosis✔✔disease of animals transferable to humans
, Dipylidium caninum✔✔1)infects dogs, cats and rarely children. 2) composed of two
sets of reproductive structure. 3) the most common tapeworm in cats and dogs in
America
Nematoda✔✔complete digestive tract, diecious, cuticle, have to molt, closely related
to arthropoda
Lateral Cords✔✔contain canals of the excretory system
Dorsal/Ventral Cords✔✔contain longitudinal nerve trunks
Hydrostatic Skeleton✔✔consists of musculature, cuticle, pseudocoel and fluid
Pseudocoel✔✔fluid-filled cavity enclosed by the body wall
accidental parasite✔✔Parasite found in other than its normal host. Also called an
incidental parasite.
cleaning symbiosis✔✔Association between unlike species, commonly marine, in
which individuals of one species clean parasites and diseased tissue from individuals
of another.
commensalism✔✔Kind of symbiosis in which one symbiot, the commensal, benifits,
and the other symbiot, the host, is neither harmed nor helped by the association.
definitive host✔✔Host in which a parasite achieves sexual maturity. If there is no
sexual reproduction in the life of the parasite, the host most important to humans is
the definitive host.
ectoparastie✔✔Parasite that lives on the outer surface of its host.
endoparasite✔✔Parasite that lives inside its host.
epizootic✔✔Massive infection rate among animals other than humans; identical to
epidemic in humans.
epidemiology✔✔Study concerned with all ecological aspects of a disease to explain
transmission, distribution, prevalence, and incidence.
facultative parasite✔✔Opportunistic symbiont, establishing a relationship with a host
not only if an oppertunity presents itself but not physiologically dependent on doing
so.
host specificity✔✔Degree to which a parasite is able to mature in more than one
host species.
Gravid proglottid✔✔a proglottid containing fully developed eggs or shelled embryos
Rostellum✔✔dome-shaped area on the apex of the scolex, often with hooks
Tegument✔✔syncytium, structure through which all required substances are
absorbed
Oncosphere✔✔a tapeworm envelop that has 6 suckers or hooks
Diphyllobothrium latum✔✔adult in small intestine->eggs in feces->egg hatches in
water->free swimming coracidium eaten by copepod->procercoid->fish eats
copepod->pleurocercoid->definitive host eats infected fish
Pleurocercoid✔✔infectious stage of Duphyllobothrium latum
Gravid proglottids✔✔asegment of the helminth's strobila that is composed of
degenerated reproductive structures full of eggs
Mature proglottids✔✔a segment of the helminth's strobila that contains a
monoecious reproductive structures
Cysticerci✔✔infectious stage of Taenia spp.
Echinococcus granulosus✔✔adult in small intestine->embryonated egg in feces-
>oncosphere penetrates intestinal wall->unilocular hydatid cysts form->scolex attach
to intestine of host
Sparganosis✔✔infectious disease caused by migrating pleurocercoids in host
tissues
Hydatid Cyst✔✔unilocular or multilocular, thick outer non-cellular layer, thin inner
nucleated germinal layer, contains protoscolicies
Hydatid Sand✔✔the release of protoscolicies
Anaphylactic Shock✔✔systemic allergic reaction caused by bursting of hyatid cyst
within host
Echinococcus multilocularis✔✔mainly found in foxes, metacestode=multilocular
cysts
Hymenolepis nana✔✔1)The most common cestode in humans 2) Doesn't require an
intermediate host to infect humans 3) Eggs directly develop into adults
Zoonosis✔✔disease of animals transferable to humans
, Dipylidium caninum✔✔1)infects dogs, cats and rarely children. 2) composed of two
sets of reproductive structure. 3) the most common tapeworm in cats and dogs in
America
Nematoda✔✔complete digestive tract, diecious, cuticle, have to molt, closely related
to arthropoda
Lateral Cords✔✔contain canals of the excretory system
Dorsal/Ventral Cords✔✔contain longitudinal nerve trunks
Hydrostatic Skeleton✔✔consists of musculature, cuticle, pseudocoel and fluid
Pseudocoel✔✔fluid-filled cavity enclosed by the body wall
accidental parasite✔✔Parasite found in other than its normal host. Also called an
incidental parasite.
cleaning symbiosis✔✔Association between unlike species, commonly marine, in
which individuals of one species clean parasites and diseased tissue from individuals
of another.
commensalism✔✔Kind of symbiosis in which one symbiot, the commensal, benifits,
and the other symbiot, the host, is neither harmed nor helped by the association.
definitive host✔✔Host in which a parasite achieves sexual maturity. If there is no
sexual reproduction in the life of the parasite, the host most important to humans is
the definitive host.
ectoparastie✔✔Parasite that lives on the outer surface of its host.
endoparasite✔✔Parasite that lives inside its host.
epizootic✔✔Massive infection rate among animals other than humans; identical to
epidemic in humans.
epidemiology✔✔Study concerned with all ecological aspects of a disease to explain
transmission, distribution, prevalence, and incidence.
facultative parasite✔✔Opportunistic symbiont, establishing a relationship with a host
not only if an oppertunity presents itself but not physiologically dependent on doing
so.
host specificity✔✔Degree to which a parasite is able to mature in more than one
host species.
