ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE CHAPTER 15
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
Rime of the ancient Mariner - ANSWER "Water water every where by not a drop to drink."
97.5% ; 2.5% - ANSWER world is made up of _____ water but only ______ is considered fresh water.
Fresh water - ANSWER water that is relatively pure with few dissolved salts. 2.5% of earths water.
1 in 10,0000 - ANSWER of water is EASILY accessible to drink.
Surface Water - ANSWER Water located on top of the earth's surface. Becomes Groundwater through
infiltration. I.E. Rivers and lakes.
Ground water - ANSWER Water found below the Earth's surface within pores in the soil and rock. 1/5 of
the earths fresh water supply. Flows downward and from areas with high pressure to areas with low
pressure. Comes up through springs.
More ; Less - ANSWER _________ people live around _______ water
Aquifers - ANSWER pores Layers of sand, gravel, or bedrock that hold and move ground water. (Largest
known ogallala underlies great plains in U.S.)
Effluent - ANSWER What is the name for water that has been used by humans and then treated for
release back into the environment?
Zone of Aeration - ANSWER The upper zone which usually isn't completely filled with water, but with
rocks and soil too. ( Aquifer parts)
Zone of Saturation - ANSWER The lower zone where water accumulates between small rock particles.
(Aquifer Parts)
, Recharge Zone - ANSWER an area in which water travels downward (infiltrates) to become part of an
aquifer
Confined Aquifer - ANSWER (Types of Aquifer) Also know as artesian Aquifer. A groundwater storage area
trapped between two impermeable layers of rock. (often clay)
Unconfined Aquifer - ANSWER (Types of Aquifer) , aquifer in which there is no impermeable layer
restricting the upper surface of the zone of saturation. Can easily be recharged.
Runoff - ANSWER water that flows over the ground surface after rain rather than soaking into the
ground. Form streams creeks or brooks
Tributary - ANSWER A stream or river that flows into a larger river
Watershed - ANSWER The area of land drained by the river and all of its tributaries. Also called a
drainage basin. I.E. Picture of have of united states land area that feeds the Mississippi.
Braided River - ANSWER A river that runs through steeply sloped regions and caries a great deal of
sediments. May flow as a interconnected series of water courses. I.E. Rivers course looks chaotic.
Meandering River - ANSWER Flatter region rivers where the force of the water rounding a bend gradually
eats away at the outer shore eroding soil from bank. Meanwhile sediments is deposited along the inside
of the bend where water currents are weaker. Has large scale flooding events that our reduced by dams.
Oxbow Lake - ANSWER Causes by a meandering rivers course. Water erodes a shortcut from on end of a
loop to the other pursuing a direct course. The still water left over at the cutoff is this and makes a U
shape.
Flood Plain - ANSWER Flat are nearest to a river course that are flooded periodically. Soils more fertile
because of frequent deposits of silt. Agriculture thrives here.
Riparian Forrest - ANSWER Riverside forest that are species rich.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
Rime of the ancient Mariner - ANSWER "Water water every where by not a drop to drink."
97.5% ; 2.5% - ANSWER world is made up of _____ water but only ______ is considered fresh water.
Fresh water - ANSWER water that is relatively pure with few dissolved salts. 2.5% of earths water.
1 in 10,0000 - ANSWER of water is EASILY accessible to drink.
Surface Water - ANSWER Water located on top of the earth's surface. Becomes Groundwater through
infiltration. I.E. Rivers and lakes.
Ground water - ANSWER Water found below the Earth's surface within pores in the soil and rock. 1/5 of
the earths fresh water supply. Flows downward and from areas with high pressure to areas with low
pressure. Comes up through springs.
More ; Less - ANSWER _________ people live around _______ water
Aquifers - ANSWER pores Layers of sand, gravel, or bedrock that hold and move ground water. (Largest
known ogallala underlies great plains in U.S.)
Effluent - ANSWER What is the name for water that has been used by humans and then treated for
release back into the environment?
Zone of Aeration - ANSWER The upper zone which usually isn't completely filled with water, but with
rocks and soil too. ( Aquifer parts)
Zone of Saturation - ANSWER The lower zone where water accumulates between small rock particles.
(Aquifer Parts)
, Recharge Zone - ANSWER an area in which water travels downward (infiltrates) to become part of an
aquifer
Confined Aquifer - ANSWER (Types of Aquifer) Also know as artesian Aquifer. A groundwater storage area
trapped between two impermeable layers of rock. (often clay)
Unconfined Aquifer - ANSWER (Types of Aquifer) , aquifer in which there is no impermeable layer
restricting the upper surface of the zone of saturation. Can easily be recharged.
Runoff - ANSWER water that flows over the ground surface after rain rather than soaking into the
ground. Form streams creeks or brooks
Tributary - ANSWER A stream or river that flows into a larger river
Watershed - ANSWER The area of land drained by the river and all of its tributaries. Also called a
drainage basin. I.E. Picture of have of united states land area that feeds the Mississippi.
Braided River - ANSWER A river that runs through steeply sloped regions and caries a great deal of
sediments. May flow as a interconnected series of water courses. I.E. Rivers course looks chaotic.
Meandering River - ANSWER Flatter region rivers where the force of the water rounding a bend gradually
eats away at the outer shore eroding soil from bank. Meanwhile sediments is deposited along the inside
of the bend where water currents are weaker. Has large scale flooding events that our reduced by dams.
Oxbow Lake - ANSWER Causes by a meandering rivers course. Water erodes a shortcut from on end of a
loop to the other pursuing a direct course. The still water left over at the cutoff is this and makes a U
shape.
Flood Plain - ANSWER Flat are nearest to a river course that are flooded periodically. Soils more fertile
because of frequent deposits of silt. Agriculture thrives here.
Riparian Forrest - ANSWER Riverside forest that are species rich.
