Journalism Certification
important events in the history of journalism? - ANS John Peter Zenger Case, First
Amendment, development of the penny press, yellow journalism, intro to radio/TV, online
journalism, consolidation of media outlets
important individuals in the history of journalism? - ANS Johannes Gutenberg, Benjamin
Franklin, Frederick Douglass, Joseph Pulitzer, William Randolph Hearst, Nellie Bly, Edward
Murrow, Katherine Graham, Barbara Walters
ways journalism influences life in the US? - ANS politics, social reform, pop culture
four functions of mass communications? - ANS transmit culture, entertain, persuade, inform
legal & ethical issues related to the press? - ANS libel, invasion of privacy, plagiarism,
obscenity, copyright, censorship, conflict of interest, prior restraint, image alteration
key laws & legal decisions in the history of journalism? - ANS First Amendment, Freedom of
Information Act, Tinker v. Des Moines, Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
responsibilities of journalists? - ANS balanced coverage, informational reporting, accuracy,
create an open forum for diverse ideas
types of information sources for students? - ANS people, databases, Internet, reports
criteria for selecting information sources? - ANS bias, accuracy, authoritativeness,
accountability
how to decide which events to cover? - ANS - analyzing a publication's purpose and the
interests/ needs of its readership
- evaluating newsworthiness
- being responsive to diversity
procedure for gathering info? - ANS planning questions, rehearsing interviewing techniques,
taking notes, reaching out to primary & secondary sources, proper listening skills, citing sources
types of journalistic formats? - ANS news, feature, sports, editorial, column, review
types of journalistic media? - ANS online, print, broadcast
, guidelines for effective writing? - ANS keeping sentences and paragraphs short, varying word
usage, using active-voice verbs, being specific, avoiding vague/inappropriate/unnecessary
words
legal/ethical issues in photojournalism? - ANS manipulation of images, invasion of privacy,
copyright
different parts of the exposure triangle? - ANS ISO (amount of light altered), aperture
(measured in f-stops, amount of light let in), shutter speed (measured in fractions of a second,
amount of movement)
procedures for photography? - ANS selecting film, using and manipulating light, using manual
camera controls, applying principles of composition, processing photographic images, applying
darkroom/Adobe Suite techniques, cropping/scaling photographs
common elements of photo composition? - ANS leading lines, depth of field, rule of thirds,
birds/worms eye POV, asymmetry
factors in determining journalistic use of images? - ANS content, composition, technical
qualities, diversity
principles of design? - ANS contrast, balance, center of visual interest, variety, dominance,
continuity, consistency
issues in design? - ANS bumping headlines, internal margins, trapped white space
various roles in broadcast journalism? - ANS producers, station managers, technical directors,
news anchors
important elements in broadcast publication? - ANS cutaways, voice-overs, transitions, B-roll
ways to finance student publications? - ANS advertisements, subscriptions, government grants
factors affecting the cost of producing student publications? - ANS number of pages, number of
copies, type and quality of paper
business practices for student publications? - ANS estimating costs/developing cost
projections, budgeting, identifying potential revenue sources, selling advertising space, working
with outside vendors/printers, purchasing equipment, promoting circulation/sales
types of advertising? - ANS classified, display, public service, hard vs. soft sell
important events in the history of journalism? - ANS John Peter Zenger Case, First
Amendment, development of the penny press, yellow journalism, intro to radio/TV, online
journalism, consolidation of media outlets
important individuals in the history of journalism? - ANS Johannes Gutenberg, Benjamin
Franklin, Frederick Douglass, Joseph Pulitzer, William Randolph Hearst, Nellie Bly, Edward
Murrow, Katherine Graham, Barbara Walters
ways journalism influences life in the US? - ANS politics, social reform, pop culture
four functions of mass communications? - ANS transmit culture, entertain, persuade, inform
legal & ethical issues related to the press? - ANS libel, invasion of privacy, plagiarism,
obscenity, copyright, censorship, conflict of interest, prior restraint, image alteration
key laws & legal decisions in the history of journalism? - ANS First Amendment, Freedom of
Information Act, Tinker v. Des Moines, Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
responsibilities of journalists? - ANS balanced coverage, informational reporting, accuracy,
create an open forum for diverse ideas
types of information sources for students? - ANS people, databases, Internet, reports
criteria for selecting information sources? - ANS bias, accuracy, authoritativeness,
accountability
how to decide which events to cover? - ANS - analyzing a publication's purpose and the
interests/ needs of its readership
- evaluating newsworthiness
- being responsive to diversity
procedure for gathering info? - ANS planning questions, rehearsing interviewing techniques,
taking notes, reaching out to primary & secondary sources, proper listening skills, citing sources
types of journalistic formats? - ANS news, feature, sports, editorial, column, review
types of journalistic media? - ANS online, print, broadcast
, guidelines for effective writing? - ANS keeping sentences and paragraphs short, varying word
usage, using active-voice verbs, being specific, avoiding vague/inappropriate/unnecessary
words
legal/ethical issues in photojournalism? - ANS manipulation of images, invasion of privacy,
copyright
different parts of the exposure triangle? - ANS ISO (amount of light altered), aperture
(measured in f-stops, amount of light let in), shutter speed (measured in fractions of a second,
amount of movement)
procedures for photography? - ANS selecting film, using and manipulating light, using manual
camera controls, applying principles of composition, processing photographic images, applying
darkroom/Adobe Suite techniques, cropping/scaling photographs
common elements of photo composition? - ANS leading lines, depth of field, rule of thirds,
birds/worms eye POV, asymmetry
factors in determining journalistic use of images? - ANS content, composition, technical
qualities, diversity
principles of design? - ANS contrast, balance, center of visual interest, variety, dominance,
continuity, consistency
issues in design? - ANS bumping headlines, internal margins, trapped white space
various roles in broadcast journalism? - ANS producers, station managers, technical directors,
news anchors
important elements in broadcast publication? - ANS cutaways, voice-overs, transitions, B-roll
ways to finance student publications? - ANS advertisements, subscriptions, government grants
factors affecting the cost of producing student publications? - ANS number of pages, number of
copies, type and quality of paper
business practices for student publications? - ANS estimating costs/developing cost
projections, budgeting, identifying potential revenue sources, selling advertising space, working
with outside vendors/printers, purchasing equipment, promoting circulation/sales
types of advertising? - ANS classified, display, public service, hard vs. soft sell
