10/16/24, 2:28 GERD - Lecture notes Lecture
PM notes
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING: GASTRLOINTESTINAL 1.3.1 NURSE ANGIE 2018
GERD
Characterized by backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus.
P a th o p h ysiolo gy enting Symptoms
Gastric motility is slowed which causes a delay in Pyrosis
cleara delayed which causes an increased volume of Dyspepsia
gastric flu Reflux occurs when the lower esophageal Regurgitation
sphincter pre is deficient . The lower esophageal Risks Dysphagia
sphincter relaxes cau regurgitation of stomach ‣ Fatty Odynophagia
contents into the esophagus
foods Hypersalivation
‣ Alcohol Esophagitis
Think burning and
‣ Anticholinergic drugs trouble eating.
‣ Morphine Symptoms may
‣ Calcium channel mimic a heart attack
blockers
Complications
‣ Peptic stricture
‣ Reflux esophagitis
‣ Esophageal stricture
‣ Esophageal ulcer
‣ Barrett esophagus
‣ Anemia from M ed ic a tio n s
esophageal bleeding
Lab s & D ia gn o stics ‣ Reflux aspiration leading
to chronic pulmonary
Histamine h2
antagonist:
disease famotidine,
• Esophageal acidity test reveals degree of gastroesoph
nizatidine,
reflux.
ranitidine.
• Esophagoscopy and biopsy results confirm pathologi
changes in the mucosa. Proton Pump
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy reveals evidence of Inhibitors:
esophagitis. lansoprazole,
rabeprazole,
EDUCATIO esomeprazole are
CAUSES N used to decrease
gastric secretions
INTERVENTIONS
‣ Laying flat
‣ Elevate HOB 30 degrees ‣ Eat a diet low in fat and to •
Prokinetic
‣ Hiatal Hernia avoid caffeine,tobacco, milk,
‣ No lying down for 2 to 3 ours agents: accelerate
beer, carbonated drinks, mint.
‣ Pyloric surgery after eating gastric emptying.
‣ Avoid eating or drinking 2 hours
‣ Avoid late night eating before bedtime Bethanechol,
‣ Pregnancy ‣ Evaluation of effectiveness of ‣ Maintain normal body weight domperidone
medications ‣ Avoid tight clothes
‣ observing for adverse ‣ Elevate the head of the bed and
effects of medications upper body 6-8’’
1
about:bl 1
PM notes
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING: GASTRLOINTESTINAL 1.3.1 NURSE ANGIE 2018
GERD
Characterized by backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus.
P a th o p h ysiolo gy enting Symptoms
Gastric motility is slowed which causes a delay in Pyrosis
cleara delayed which causes an increased volume of Dyspepsia
gastric flu Reflux occurs when the lower esophageal Regurgitation
sphincter pre is deficient . The lower esophageal Risks Dysphagia
sphincter relaxes cau regurgitation of stomach ‣ Fatty Odynophagia
contents into the esophagus
foods Hypersalivation
‣ Alcohol Esophagitis
Think burning and
‣ Anticholinergic drugs trouble eating.
‣ Morphine Symptoms may
‣ Calcium channel mimic a heart attack
blockers
Complications
‣ Peptic stricture
‣ Reflux esophagitis
‣ Esophageal stricture
‣ Esophageal ulcer
‣ Barrett esophagus
‣ Anemia from M ed ic a tio n s
esophageal bleeding
Lab s & D ia gn o stics ‣ Reflux aspiration leading
to chronic pulmonary
Histamine h2
antagonist:
disease famotidine,
• Esophageal acidity test reveals degree of gastroesoph
nizatidine,
reflux.
ranitidine.
• Esophagoscopy and biopsy results confirm pathologi
changes in the mucosa. Proton Pump
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy reveals evidence of Inhibitors:
esophagitis. lansoprazole,
rabeprazole,
EDUCATIO esomeprazole are
CAUSES N used to decrease
gastric secretions
INTERVENTIONS
‣ Laying flat
‣ Elevate HOB 30 degrees ‣ Eat a diet low in fat and to •
Prokinetic
‣ Hiatal Hernia avoid caffeine,tobacco, milk,
‣ No lying down for 2 to 3 ours agents: accelerate
beer, carbonated drinks, mint.
‣ Pyloric surgery after eating gastric emptying.
‣ Avoid eating or drinking 2 hours
‣ Avoid late night eating before bedtime Bethanechol,
‣ Pregnancy ‣ Evaluation of effectiveness of ‣ Maintain normal body weight domperidone
medications ‣ Avoid tight clothes
‣ observing for adverse ‣ Elevate the head of the bed and
effects of medications upper body 6-8’’
1
about:bl 1
