ASWB BACHELORS EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
When should self determination be limited? - Answers-Only in situations where it would
cause harm to a client or others.
Jean Piaget - Answers-Developmental psychologist best known for his theory of
cognitive development. Theory states that children learn through interaction in the
environment.
Nature vs nurture - Answers-Whether cognitive development is mainly determined by a
clients innate qualities (nature), or by his personal experiences (nurture). Many experts
avoid this question today.
Social development on micro level - Answers-Learning how to behave and interact well
with others. Relies on managing feelings.
Social development on a macro level - Answers-Commitment that development
processes need to benefit people. Recognizes the way people interact in groups and
society.
Social development - Answers-Change in social institutions.
Spiritual growth and development stages - Answers--Unwilling to accept a will greater
than their own.
-Blind faith in authority figures, world is divided into good and evil.
-Scientific skepticism and questioning.
-Enjoys mystery and beauty of existence.
Bio psychosocial-spiritual-cultural challenges older people are faced with - Answers-
Health and physical abilities, accessing affordable-high quality health care, decreased
economic security, increased vulnerability to abuse and exploitation, and loss of
meaningful roles.
Learned behavior attachment - Answers-Child will form an attachment to whoever feeds
it. Child finds comfort in food, through classical conditioning, finds comfort in feeder.
Child uses operant conditioning to get what it wants.
Stranger anxiety - Answers-Crying when an unfamiliar person tries to hold child, begins
between 5-9 months. Intensifies at age 1, stops around age 2.
Separation anxiety - Answers-Beings 6-8 months, peaks at 14-18 months, resolved by
24-36 months. Upset when caregiver leaves sight.
Separation anxiety disorder - Answers-Characterized by excessive worrying about being
away from caregiver. Occurs in later childhood.
, Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Answers-Clients are motivated to meet certain needs,
when one is filled they seek the next one. (physiological, safety, social, esteem, self-
actualization)
Physiological needs - Answers-Maintain the physical organism. Biological needs such
as food/water/oxygen/ temperature.
Safety needs - Answers-Need to feel safe from harm/danger/threat.
Social needs - Answers-Friendship, intimacy, affection, and love are needed.
Esteem needs - Answers-Need of a stable, firmly based level of self respect and respect
from others.
Self-actualization - Answers-Ongoing process of need to be oneself, act consistently
with whom one is.
Humanistic approach - Answers-clients have the capacity to grow, change, and adapt.
Strength - Answers-Any ability that helps and individual to confront and deal with a
stressful life situation and to grow from it.
Strengths perspective - Answers-Focuses on understanding clients on the basis of their
strengths and resources and mobilizing the resources to improve their situations.
Defense mechanisms - Answers-Behaviors that protect people from anxiety. Automatic,
involuntary, usually unconscious psychological activities to exclude unacceptable
thoughts, urges, threats, and impulses form awareness for fear of disapproval,
punishment, or other negative outcomes. (NOT coping mechanisms-voluntary)
Examples of defense mechanisms - Answers-Turning against self, Splitting,
repression... (SEE PAGE 57)
Erikson - Answers-Psychosocial model (8 stages)
Group work - Answers-Method of social work that helps individuals enhance their social
functioning as well as cope with their problems. Individuals help each other
change/learn social roles, social worker helps change environment/behavior.
Individual self-actualization occurs when: - Answers-Release of feelings that block
social performance, support from others, reappraisal of self.
Psychodrama - Answers-Treatment approach in which roles are enacted in a group
context
When should self determination be limited? - Answers-Only in situations where it would
cause harm to a client or others.
Jean Piaget - Answers-Developmental psychologist best known for his theory of
cognitive development. Theory states that children learn through interaction in the
environment.
Nature vs nurture - Answers-Whether cognitive development is mainly determined by a
clients innate qualities (nature), or by his personal experiences (nurture). Many experts
avoid this question today.
Social development on micro level - Answers-Learning how to behave and interact well
with others. Relies on managing feelings.
Social development on a macro level - Answers-Commitment that development
processes need to benefit people. Recognizes the way people interact in groups and
society.
Social development - Answers-Change in social institutions.
Spiritual growth and development stages - Answers--Unwilling to accept a will greater
than their own.
-Blind faith in authority figures, world is divided into good and evil.
-Scientific skepticism and questioning.
-Enjoys mystery and beauty of existence.
Bio psychosocial-spiritual-cultural challenges older people are faced with - Answers-
Health and physical abilities, accessing affordable-high quality health care, decreased
economic security, increased vulnerability to abuse and exploitation, and loss of
meaningful roles.
Learned behavior attachment - Answers-Child will form an attachment to whoever feeds
it. Child finds comfort in food, through classical conditioning, finds comfort in feeder.
Child uses operant conditioning to get what it wants.
Stranger anxiety - Answers-Crying when an unfamiliar person tries to hold child, begins
between 5-9 months. Intensifies at age 1, stops around age 2.
Separation anxiety - Answers-Beings 6-8 months, peaks at 14-18 months, resolved by
24-36 months. Upset when caregiver leaves sight.
Separation anxiety disorder - Answers-Characterized by excessive worrying about being
away from caregiver. Occurs in later childhood.
, Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Answers-Clients are motivated to meet certain needs,
when one is filled they seek the next one. (physiological, safety, social, esteem, self-
actualization)
Physiological needs - Answers-Maintain the physical organism. Biological needs such
as food/water/oxygen/ temperature.
Safety needs - Answers-Need to feel safe from harm/danger/threat.
Social needs - Answers-Friendship, intimacy, affection, and love are needed.
Esteem needs - Answers-Need of a stable, firmly based level of self respect and respect
from others.
Self-actualization - Answers-Ongoing process of need to be oneself, act consistently
with whom one is.
Humanistic approach - Answers-clients have the capacity to grow, change, and adapt.
Strength - Answers-Any ability that helps and individual to confront and deal with a
stressful life situation and to grow from it.
Strengths perspective - Answers-Focuses on understanding clients on the basis of their
strengths and resources and mobilizing the resources to improve their situations.
Defense mechanisms - Answers-Behaviors that protect people from anxiety. Automatic,
involuntary, usually unconscious psychological activities to exclude unacceptable
thoughts, urges, threats, and impulses form awareness for fear of disapproval,
punishment, or other negative outcomes. (NOT coping mechanisms-voluntary)
Examples of defense mechanisms - Answers-Turning against self, Splitting,
repression... (SEE PAGE 57)
Erikson - Answers-Psychosocial model (8 stages)
Group work - Answers-Method of social work that helps individuals enhance their social
functioning as well as cope with their problems. Individuals help each other
change/learn social roles, social worker helps change environment/behavior.
Individual self-actualization occurs when: - Answers-Release of feelings that block
social performance, support from others, reappraisal of self.
Psychodrama - Answers-Treatment approach in which roles are enacted in a group
context
