NCC EFM UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT ANSWERS

NCC EFM UPDATED Exam Questions
and CORRECT ANSWERS
Causes of uteroplacental perfusion decrease: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• HTN
• Pregnancy
• DM
• Hypotension
• Excessive uterine contractions (hypertonus)
• Decreased surface area, edema, degenerative calcifications, infarcts, infection


FHR reflects fetal oxygenation from which extrinsic factors: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔•
Maternal oxygenation
• Uterine blood flow
• Placental change
• Umbilical blood flow


FHR reflects oxygenation from which intrinsic factors: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Fetal
circulation
• Oxygenation of tissues
• FHR regulation


Fetal shunts: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Ductus venosus- liver
• PFO- Right to left atria
• Ductus arteriosis- pulmonary a. to aorta


Oxygen depletion cascade: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Aerobic metabolism
• Hypoxemia
• Tissue hypoxia
• Anaerobic metabolism
• Lactic acid build up
• Metabolic acidosis

, Sympathetic innervation: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Releases Eip/norepi
• Increases FHR


Parasympathetic/Vagal innervation: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Releases ach
• Decreases FHR and transmits variability


Early decel: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Fetal head compression
• ->vasovagal response


Variable decel: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Cord compression
• ->increase BP/HTN
• ->activation of baroreceptor
• ->decrease FHR, BP, and CO


Late decel: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Inadequate uteroplacental blood flow->decreased
maternal fetal O2 transfer
• ->activation of chemoreceptors to respond due to increased PCO2, decreased PO2, and
decreased pH
• ->Fetal bradycardia and hypertension


Category I: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Normal fetal acid base status
• All the following are required:
• Moderate variability
• Baseline rate 110-160
• Late or variable decels are absent
• Early decels present or absent
• Accels present or absent


Category II: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔• Indeterminate compensatory response