10/14/24, 9:53 Patho chats
AM exam 3
Chronic kidney failure- dialysis
Staging 1-3 less severe, most restrictive, slow nephron depletion,
preserve 4-5 dialysis and ease up conditions
Chronic does not have diuresis
Hemodialysis: filter blood, take in and out, at a center
Peritoneal- done at home, left in for hours, in abd cavity, draws waste out through
diffusion, pulls waste out of the bloodstream
Primary effects target glands
Secondary effects pituitary, realizing hormone is not working
properly With endocrine disease you can have hyper/hypo
secretion
Thyroid gland- makes T3T4
The adrenal gland makes- cortisol, aldosterone, androgens,
catecholamines Anterior pituitary makes GH, ACTH and CRH, ADH and
TSH
Negative feedback is disruptive in a lot of endocrine disorders
GH excess
Acromegaly in adultsTall in children, r/t tumor
Can have heart problems, increased GH and glucose
GH deficiency
Short stature, decreased GH, glucose, thin hair skin, less muscles
hypothyroid - weight gain, cold,
bradycardia Primary- low t3/t4,
high TSH Secondary- low TSH,
low T3T4 Congenital- mental
defects
Treat- replacement therapy, check blood levels
Hyperthyroid -insomnia, heat intolerance, anxiety, tremors, exophthalmos
(speeding up), bulging eyes
Primary- low TSH, high
t3t4 Secondary- high tsh
high t3t4
Treat with remove thyroid or replacement therapy
Adrenocortical hormone insufficiency- Addisons disease, not enough cortisol
No fight or flight, decreased aldosterone, hypotensive d/t high
na and H2O Primary- ACTH or CRH are low
K levels are high
about:bl 1
AM exam 3
Chronic kidney failure- dialysis
Staging 1-3 less severe, most restrictive, slow nephron depletion,
preserve 4-5 dialysis and ease up conditions
Chronic does not have diuresis
Hemodialysis: filter blood, take in and out, at a center
Peritoneal- done at home, left in for hours, in abd cavity, draws waste out through
diffusion, pulls waste out of the bloodstream
Primary effects target glands
Secondary effects pituitary, realizing hormone is not working
properly With endocrine disease you can have hyper/hypo
secretion
Thyroid gland- makes T3T4
The adrenal gland makes- cortisol, aldosterone, androgens,
catecholamines Anterior pituitary makes GH, ACTH and CRH, ADH and
TSH
Negative feedback is disruptive in a lot of endocrine disorders
GH excess
Acromegaly in adultsTall in children, r/t tumor
Can have heart problems, increased GH and glucose
GH deficiency
Short stature, decreased GH, glucose, thin hair skin, less muscles
hypothyroid - weight gain, cold,
bradycardia Primary- low t3/t4,
high TSH Secondary- low TSH,
low T3T4 Congenital- mental
defects
Treat- replacement therapy, check blood levels
Hyperthyroid -insomnia, heat intolerance, anxiety, tremors, exophthalmos
(speeding up), bulging eyes
Primary- low TSH, high
t3t4 Secondary- high tsh
high t3t4
Treat with remove thyroid or replacement therapy
Adrenocortical hormone insufficiency- Addisons disease, not enough cortisol
No fight or flight, decreased aldosterone, hypotensive d/t high
na and H2O Primary- ACTH or CRH are low
K levels are high
about:bl 1
