Unit 3
1. Which restriction applies to the data in the primary field of a database? Each key must be unique. The key in
the primary field of a database must be unique and cannot be repeated.
2. Written posts extracted from a social media feed are generally classified as structured data. False - Structured
data are typically well defined in traditional fields and in records of common data tables. Structured data have
a standard format and recognizable patterns that allow data to be more easily queried and searched. Social
media posts would generally be classified as unstructured data because it is difficult to categorize images,
videos, and other media shared on social media.
3. Which attribute of big data relates to whether the data are structured or unstructured? Variety relates to
whether the data are structured, unstructured, or semi-structured.
4. What can the data analyst use to retrieve and process the data to put into the data warehouse? ETL is the
process of extracting, transforming, and loading the data into the database.
5. Data is full of missing, misplaced, or duplicate data, which process can this data analyst use to remove such
data? Normalization is the process of removing redundancies in data.
6. A data analyst wants to use software to look for useful patterns and hidden relationships in this large set of
social media data. Which process can be used to look for these patterns and relationships? Data mining is the
process of looking for meaningful patterns in data.
7. A business analyst wants to use the social media data to create and present business intelligence. She will
create visualizations that will be used by the executive team. Which tool is appropriate for creating and
presenting this business intelligence? Tableau is business intelligence software.
8. Specific departments are only used 20 percent of the data warehouse capacity, how can this company reduce
the time associated with data management and better support the needs of individual departments? By
switching to a data mart - A data mart is a smaller and more targeted version of a data warehouse.
9. Which term refers to managing the availability, integrity, and security of an organization's data to ensure that
the data remain high quality and valid? Data governance is the management of the availability, integrity,
and security of an organization's data to ensure that the data remain high quality and valid.
10. A data analyst wants to search through unstructured data from social media posts to look for useful customer
behavior patterns and sentiments. Which type of analytics is appropriate for this task? Text analytics search
through unstructured text data to look for useful patterns.
11. What level of security protects the hardware that the database resides on? System level security not only
protects the hardware the database resides on, but also the communications equipment from malicious
software that tries to enter the system.
12. What are examples of return on investment (ROI) based on qualitative investments? Purchasing
business intelligence (BI) software. This is qualitative because it prevents time lost from using slower and
less insightful analysis methods. Investing in network security to protect the network. This is qualitative
because it is a preventative effort to protect network security, preventing unforeseen costs if the network is
not secure.
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