N421: Nutrition and Aging Questions with correct
answers
Hartford Institute: Nutrition Goal Correct Answer-1) Improvement in
indicators of nutritional status in order to *optimize functional status*
and general well-being
2) Promote positive nutritional status
Older Adults and Malnutrition Correct Answer-1) Malnutrition is a BIG
PROBLEM for older adults
2) If older adult loses weight/becomes malnourished = LOSE MUSCLE
MASS
3) Increased risk of falls
4) Falls = DVTs, fractures, loss of functional status → LTC facility
Malnutrition/Undernutrition Correct Answer-1) Any disorder of
nutritional status (nutrient deficiency, impaired nutrient metabolism, or
over-nutrition)
2) When you starve, the body doesn't distinguish between breaking
down fat or protein → break down both at the same time
3) Fat decomposes into ketones → develop acidotic state
4) Obese individuals can experience *sarcopenic obesity* = loss of
muscle mass
Malnutrition: Dietary Intake Correct Answer-1) Little or no appetite
2) Problems with eating or swallowing (dysphagia) = set up for weight
loss and eventual malnutrition
, 3) Eating inadequate servings of nutrients = no nutritional value in diet
("tea and toast" syndrome)
4) Eating fewer than two meals a day
Malnutrition: Limited Income Correct Answer-1) People who are on a
fixed income may not have enough money for the food that they need
2) May make decision between buying food, medications, or heating
Malnutrition: Isolation Correct Answer-1) Older adults who live alone
may lose desire to cook because of loneliness
2) May lose desire to eat after death of a spouse
3) Difficulties cooking d/t disabilities
4) Lack of access to transportation to buy food
5) NB. Meals on Wheels = developed for older adults who are socially
isolated/depressed → way to check up on an older adult who is living
alone
Malnutrition: Chronic Illness Correct Answer-1) Functional impairments
affect food shopping or preparation (eg. AD, PD, stroke, hip fractures)
2) Depression can cause a decreased appetite
3) Poor oral health (eg. cavities, gum disease, missing teeth) and
xerostomia affects ability to chew and swallowing food → Medicare
DOES NOT cover dental care
4) Antidepressants, anti-hypertensives, and bronchodilators can
contribute to xerostomia
answers
Hartford Institute: Nutrition Goal Correct Answer-1) Improvement in
indicators of nutritional status in order to *optimize functional status*
and general well-being
2) Promote positive nutritional status
Older Adults and Malnutrition Correct Answer-1) Malnutrition is a BIG
PROBLEM for older adults
2) If older adult loses weight/becomes malnourished = LOSE MUSCLE
MASS
3) Increased risk of falls
4) Falls = DVTs, fractures, loss of functional status → LTC facility
Malnutrition/Undernutrition Correct Answer-1) Any disorder of
nutritional status (nutrient deficiency, impaired nutrient metabolism, or
over-nutrition)
2) When you starve, the body doesn't distinguish between breaking
down fat or protein → break down both at the same time
3) Fat decomposes into ketones → develop acidotic state
4) Obese individuals can experience *sarcopenic obesity* = loss of
muscle mass
Malnutrition: Dietary Intake Correct Answer-1) Little or no appetite
2) Problems with eating or swallowing (dysphagia) = set up for weight
loss and eventual malnutrition
, 3) Eating inadequate servings of nutrients = no nutritional value in diet
("tea and toast" syndrome)
4) Eating fewer than two meals a day
Malnutrition: Limited Income Correct Answer-1) People who are on a
fixed income may not have enough money for the food that they need
2) May make decision between buying food, medications, or heating
Malnutrition: Isolation Correct Answer-1) Older adults who live alone
may lose desire to cook because of loneliness
2) May lose desire to eat after death of a spouse
3) Difficulties cooking d/t disabilities
4) Lack of access to transportation to buy food
5) NB. Meals on Wheels = developed for older adults who are socially
isolated/depressed → way to check up on an older adult who is living
alone
Malnutrition: Chronic Illness Correct Answer-1) Functional impairments
affect food shopping or preparation (eg. AD, PD, stroke, hip fractures)
2) Depression can cause a decreased appetite
3) Poor oral health (eg. cavities, gum disease, missing teeth) and
xerostomia affects ability to chew and swallowing food → Medicare
DOES NOT cover dental care
4) Antidepressants, anti-hypertensives, and bronchodilators can
contribute to xerostomia
