GH 125 A&P Chapters 8 and 9 Test With
Complete Solution
Bones - 4 types - ANSWER Long (femur, humerus) - covered in dense fibrous
tissue
Short (carpals, metacarpals, phalanges)
Flat (skull)
Irregular (vertebrae)
Parts of a long bone - ANSWER Diaphysis (shaft) yellow marrow, fat stores
Epiphysis (2 ends) red marrow, red blood cell production, responsible for
bone growth
Bone Structure - ANSWER Focus on: Epiphysis, diaphysis, epiphyseal line
Articular cartilage
Cancellous bone (spongy)
Red marrow and yellow marrow cavities
Compact bone
Medullary cavity
Endosteum and Periosteum
Formation of bone - ANSWER Cartilage present before birth, calcify as they
turn into bone after birth
, Osteoblasts - bone forming cells
Osteocytes - surround osteoblasts to make new bone
Osteoclasts - breakdowns existing bone for new bone growth
Cartilage - ANSWER Chondrocytes (cartilage cells)
Lack blood vessels
Heals slowly
Fontanel (soft spot) on baby's skull
Suture Line - where skull bones meet and fuse
Bones - ANSWER Skeleton: refer to figure 8-9, p. 182
Facial bones - ANSWER Focus on:
Mandible (lower jaw): moveable
Maxilla (upper jaw): non-moveable
Both have teeth
Sella turcica - ANSWER Cavity in the skull "small seat" that contains the
pituitary gland
Complete Solution
Bones - 4 types - ANSWER Long (femur, humerus) - covered in dense fibrous
tissue
Short (carpals, metacarpals, phalanges)
Flat (skull)
Irregular (vertebrae)
Parts of a long bone - ANSWER Diaphysis (shaft) yellow marrow, fat stores
Epiphysis (2 ends) red marrow, red blood cell production, responsible for
bone growth
Bone Structure - ANSWER Focus on: Epiphysis, diaphysis, epiphyseal line
Articular cartilage
Cancellous bone (spongy)
Red marrow and yellow marrow cavities
Compact bone
Medullary cavity
Endosteum and Periosteum
Formation of bone - ANSWER Cartilage present before birth, calcify as they
turn into bone after birth
, Osteoblasts - bone forming cells
Osteocytes - surround osteoblasts to make new bone
Osteoclasts - breakdowns existing bone for new bone growth
Cartilage - ANSWER Chondrocytes (cartilage cells)
Lack blood vessels
Heals slowly
Fontanel (soft spot) on baby's skull
Suture Line - where skull bones meet and fuse
Bones - ANSWER Skeleton: refer to figure 8-9, p. 182
Facial bones - ANSWER Focus on:
Mandible (lower jaw): moveable
Maxilla (upper jaw): non-moveable
Both have teeth
Sella turcica - ANSWER Cavity in the skull "small seat" that contains the
pituitary gland
