NURS368 Final Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers
Surfactant replacement therapy is used in the medical treatment of:
A: BPD
B: PDA
C: RDS
D: NEC - ANWER C: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
Which one of the following interventions is most important to prevent necrotizing
enterocolitis?
A: Exclusive human milk feeding
B: Surfactant
C: Oxygen
D: Ventilator support - ANWER A: Exclusive human milk feeding
Which one of the following IUGR has better developmental outcome?
A: Asymmetric
B: Symmetric - ANWER A: Asymmetric
Weight is the only abnormal measurement
A macrosomic infant is delivered by difficult forceps-assisted delivery. After
stabilization the infant is weighed and birth weight is 4550 g (9 pounds, 6 ounces). The
nurse's best response is to:
,a. Keep the baby in the room with mother
b. Take the baby immediately to the nursery.
c. Perform an estimation of gestational age to determine whether the infant is large for
gestational age.
d. Obtain frequent blood glucose levels and closely monitor the infant for hypoglycemia.
-ANWER d. Obtain frequent blood glucose levels and closely monitor the infant for
hypoglycemia.
This baby is macrosomic (>4000 grams) and is at high risk for hypoglycemia. Blood
glucose levels should be checked frequently. The baby should be watched closely for
early signs of hypoglycemia. Observation may be done in the nursery or in mom's room
depending on the condition of the fetus.Regardless of Gestational Age This infant is
macrosomic.
Infants of diabetic mothers are at increased risk for the following conditions:
a. Anemia.
b. Hyponatremia.
c. Respiratory distress syndrome.
d. Sepsis. - ANSWER c. Respiratory distress syndrome.
(IDMs are at risk for macrosomia, birth injury, perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress
syndrome, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, cardiomyopathy,
hyperbilirubinemia, and polycythemia. They are not at risk for anemia, hyponatremia, or
sepsis.)
A 2-hour-old baby, born at 37 weeks of gestation and weighing 4.1 kg is described as a
fat baby, pink in color, but very jittery. The jitteriness in this case is most likely caused
by:
a. Birth trauma.
,b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypoglycemia
d. Seizures. - ANSWER c. Hypoglycemia
(Hypoglycemia is very common in the macrosomic infant. Signs of hypoglycemia include
jitteriness, apnea, tachypnea, and cyanosis.)
When evaluating the preterm infant, the nurse recognizes that, when compared with a
term infant, the preterm infant has:
a. Few blood vessels visible through the skin.
b. More subcutaneous fat.
c. Well-developed flexor muscles.
d. Greater surface area in proportion to weight. - ANSWER d. Greater surface area in
proportion to weight.
(Preterm infants have larger surface area relative to their weight. Less subcutaneous fat
and less developed muscles are characteristics of a less mature infant.)
On day 3 of life, a newborn remains on 100% oxygen via nasal cannula. The parents ask
if they can hold their infant during his next gavage feeding. Based on the fact that this
newborn is physiologically stable, what would the nurse's response be?
a. "Parents cannot hold oxygen-dependent babies."
b. "You are allowed to hold only your baby's hand during feeding."
c. "Feedings represent greater physiologic stress to the baby, and thus he needs to be
monitored closely. I really don't think you can hold the baby."
d. "You may hold your baby during the feeding." ANSWER d. "You may hold your baby
during the feeding."
, ("You can hold your baby while feeding" is a true statement. Parental interaction by
holding is encouraged during gavage feedings so that the infant will associate the
feeding with positive interactions. Nasal cannula oxygen therapy allows for easier
feedings and psychosocial interactions. The parent can swaddle the infant during
gavage feedings to help the infant associate the feeding with positive interactions. Some
parents like to do kangaroo care while gavage feeding their infant. Swaddling or
kangaroo care during feedings provides positive interactions for the infant.)
A premature infant is diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome and artificial
surfactant is administered. The nurse is discussing with the parents the treatment of the
surfactant therapy. Which statement would be an appropriate explanation?
a. "Surfactant enhances the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in your baby's
lungs."
b. "The medication prevents your baby from needing too much sedation."
c. "Surfactant is administered to decrease episodes of periodic apnea."
d. "Your baby needs this medication to fight a possible respiratory tract infection." -
ANSWER a. "Surfactant improves the ability of your baby's lungs to exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide."
Surfactant administration can be done as an adjunct to oxygen and ventilation
therapies. Once the artificial surfactant is administered, respiratory compliance
improves until such time when the infant can produce it in sufficient quantity. Sedation
needs of the infant do not relate to surfactant administration. Surfactant is utilized to
improve the respiratory compliance including the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide. The purpose of administering surfactant in an infant with respiratory distress
syndrome is to trigger the production of surfactant by the type 2 cells of the alveoli. RDS
and neonatal pneumonia can present similarly clinically. Infection is treated with
broad-spectrum antibiotics and the infant may be started on these medications until
infection can be ruled out.
When gavage feeding an infant, which of the following should be recorded after each
feeding?
a. Abdominal circumference of the infant after the feeding
Surfactant replacement therapy is used in the medical treatment of:
A: BPD
B: PDA
C: RDS
D: NEC - ANWER C: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
Which one of the following interventions is most important to prevent necrotizing
enterocolitis?
A: Exclusive human milk feeding
B: Surfactant
C: Oxygen
D: Ventilator support - ANWER A: Exclusive human milk feeding
Which one of the following IUGR has better developmental outcome?
A: Asymmetric
B: Symmetric - ANWER A: Asymmetric
Weight is the only abnormal measurement
A macrosomic infant is delivered by difficult forceps-assisted delivery. After
stabilization the infant is weighed and birth weight is 4550 g (9 pounds, 6 ounces). The
nurse's best response is to:
,a. Keep the baby in the room with mother
b. Take the baby immediately to the nursery.
c. Perform an estimation of gestational age to determine whether the infant is large for
gestational age.
d. Obtain frequent blood glucose levels and closely monitor the infant for hypoglycemia.
-ANWER d. Obtain frequent blood glucose levels and closely monitor the infant for
hypoglycemia.
This baby is macrosomic (>4000 grams) and is at high risk for hypoglycemia. Blood
glucose levels should be checked frequently. The baby should be watched closely for
early signs of hypoglycemia. Observation may be done in the nursery or in mom's room
depending on the condition of the fetus.Regardless of Gestational Age This infant is
macrosomic.
Infants of diabetic mothers are at increased risk for the following conditions:
a. Anemia.
b. Hyponatremia.
c. Respiratory distress syndrome.
d. Sepsis. - ANSWER c. Respiratory distress syndrome.
(IDMs are at risk for macrosomia, birth injury, perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress
syndrome, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, cardiomyopathy,
hyperbilirubinemia, and polycythemia. They are not at risk for anemia, hyponatremia, or
sepsis.)
A 2-hour-old baby, born at 37 weeks of gestation and weighing 4.1 kg is described as a
fat baby, pink in color, but very jittery. The jitteriness in this case is most likely caused
by:
a. Birth trauma.
,b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypoglycemia
d. Seizures. - ANSWER c. Hypoglycemia
(Hypoglycemia is very common in the macrosomic infant. Signs of hypoglycemia include
jitteriness, apnea, tachypnea, and cyanosis.)
When evaluating the preterm infant, the nurse recognizes that, when compared with a
term infant, the preterm infant has:
a. Few blood vessels visible through the skin.
b. More subcutaneous fat.
c. Well-developed flexor muscles.
d. Greater surface area in proportion to weight. - ANSWER d. Greater surface area in
proportion to weight.
(Preterm infants have larger surface area relative to their weight. Less subcutaneous fat
and less developed muscles are characteristics of a less mature infant.)
On day 3 of life, a newborn remains on 100% oxygen via nasal cannula. The parents ask
if they can hold their infant during his next gavage feeding. Based on the fact that this
newborn is physiologically stable, what would the nurse's response be?
a. "Parents cannot hold oxygen-dependent babies."
b. "You are allowed to hold only your baby's hand during feeding."
c. "Feedings represent greater physiologic stress to the baby, and thus he needs to be
monitored closely. I really don't think you can hold the baby."
d. "You may hold your baby during the feeding." ANSWER d. "You may hold your baby
during the feeding."
, ("You can hold your baby while feeding" is a true statement. Parental interaction by
holding is encouraged during gavage feedings so that the infant will associate the
feeding with positive interactions. Nasal cannula oxygen therapy allows for easier
feedings and psychosocial interactions. The parent can swaddle the infant during
gavage feedings to help the infant associate the feeding with positive interactions. Some
parents like to do kangaroo care while gavage feeding their infant. Swaddling or
kangaroo care during feedings provides positive interactions for the infant.)
A premature infant is diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome and artificial
surfactant is administered. The nurse is discussing with the parents the treatment of the
surfactant therapy. Which statement would be an appropriate explanation?
a. "Surfactant enhances the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in your baby's
lungs."
b. "The medication prevents your baby from needing too much sedation."
c. "Surfactant is administered to decrease episodes of periodic apnea."
d. "Your baby needs this medication to fight a possible respiratory tract infection." -
ANSWER a. "Surfactant improves the ability of your baby's lungs to exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide."
Surfactant administration can be done as an adjunct to oxygen and ventilation
therapies. Once the artificial surfactant is administered, respiratory compliance
improves until such time when the infant can produce it in sufficient quantity. Sedation
needs of the infant do not relate to surfactant administration. Surfactant is utilized to
improve the respiratory compliance including the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide. The purpose of administering surfactant in an infant with respiratory distress
syndrome is to trigger the production of surfactant by the type 2 cells of the alveoli. RDS
and neonatal pneumonia can present similarly clinically. Infection is treated with
broad-spectrum antibiotics and the infant may be started on these medications until
infection can be ruled out.
When gavage feeding an infant, which of the following should be recorded after each
feeding?
a. Abdominal circumference of the infant after the feeding
