GENETICS TEST - EXTRA STUDY GUIDE
INFO QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS { GRADED A+}
Any substance or chemical not naturally produced or found within an
organism (ex: medications) - ✔✔xenobiotic
T/F? physiologic changes in pregnancy influence maternal absorption
and distribution of drugs to fetus - ✔✔TRUE
increased maternal _______ prolongs gastric emptying time and slows
intestinal motility impacting _____ circulation and absorption of
xenobiotics which results in reduced peak maternal levels of
xenobiotics and overall _____ exposure - ✔✔progesterone
,enterohepatic
increased
pregnancy associated ____ and increased _____ favor uptake of
toxicants into the lungs where air pollutants can be then absorbed
systemically - ✔✔hyperventilation
pulmonary blood flow
maternal distribution of xenobiotics is impacted by increases in? -
✔✔fat stores
extracellular fluid volume
plasma volume
a potential compartment for distribution of water-soluble chemicals
impacting maternal distribution of xenobiotics - ✔✔amniotic fluid
,T/F? low protein concentration and delayed elimination characterize
amniotic fluid compartment which results in potential prolonged
exposure to unbound chemicals - ✔✔TRUE
plasma volume increases by 50% in pregnancy which results in ? -
✔✔dilutional hypoalbuminemia
_______ in mother alters the ratio of protein bound chemicals and
volume of distribution in maternal blood which facilitates clearance of
free fractions of xenobiotics in liver and placental transport to fetal
compartment - ✔✔dilutional hypoalbuminemia
increased plasma volume in mother impacts toxicant excretion because
of increased renal blood flow, increased GFR, and increased tubular
transport which results in? - ✔✔maternal excretion of toxicants before
reaching fetus
is fetal pH acidity higher or lower than mother? - ✔✔higher
, T/F? since fetal pH is more acidic than mothers, non-ionized weak bases
readily transport across placenta into fetal compartment - ✔✔TRUE
what happens once non-ionized weak bases transport across the
placenta to fetal compartment? - ✔✔weak bases become ionized
resulting in higher concentrations and "ion trapping"
maternal serum albumin decreases gradually relative to increased
plasma volume but fetal albumin progressively ______ and then
unbound xenobiotics become protein-bound in the fetus and
accumulate in fetal compartment - ✔✔increases
while maternal fat stores serve as a reservoir for lipophilic compounds,
there is minimal fetal adipose development until after ____ weeks
gestation - ✔✔29
before the fetus develops adipose (29 weeks), lipid soluble toxicants
accumulate in tissues containing adipose such as? - ✔✔the developing
brain
INFO QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS { GRADED A+}
Any substance or chemical not naturally produced or found within an
organism (ex: medications) - ✔✔xenobiotic
T/F? physiologic changes in pregnancy influence maternal absorption
and distribution of drugs to fetus - ✔✔TRUE
increased maternal _______ prolongs gastric emptying time and slows
intestinal motility impacting _____ circulation and absorption of
xenobiotics which results in reduced peak maternal levels of
xenobiotics and overall _____ exposure - ✔✔progesterone
,enterohepatic
increased
pregnancy associated ____ and increased _____ favor uptake of
toxicants into the lungs where air pollutants can be then absorbed
systemically - ✔✔hyperventilation
pulmonary blood flow
maternal distribution of xenobiotics is impacted by increases in? -
✔✔fat stores
extracellular fluid volume
plasma volume
a potential compartment for distribution of water-soluble chemicals
impacting maternal distribution of xenobiotics - ✔✔amniotic fluid
,T/F? low protein concentration and delayed elimination characterize
amniotic fluid compartment which results in potential prolonged
exposure to unbound chemicals - ✔✔TRUE
plasma volume increases by 50% in pregnancy which results in ? -
✔✔dilutional hypoalbuminemia
_______ in mother alters the ratio of protein bound chemicals and
volume of distribution in maternal blood which facilitates clearance of
free fractions of xenobiotics in liver and placental transport to fetal
compartment - ✔✔dilutional hypoalbuminemia
increased plasma volume in mother impacts toxicant excretion because
of increased renal blood flow, increased GFR, and increased tubular
transport which results in? - ✔✔maternal excretion of toxicants before
reaching fetus
is fetal pH acidity higher or lower than mother? - ✔✔higher
, T/F? since fetal pH is more acidic than mothers, non-ionized weak bases
readily transport across placenta into fetal compartment - ✔✔TRUE
what happens once non-ionized weak bases transport across the
placenta to fetal compartment? - ✔✔weak bases become ionized
resulting in higher concentrations and "ion trapping"
maternal serum albumin decreases gradually relative to increased
plasma volume but fetal albumin progressively ______ and then
unbound xenobiotics become protein-bound in the fetus and
accumulate in fetal compartment - ✔✔increases
while maternal fat stores serve as a reservoir for lipophilic compounds,
there is minimal fetal adipose development until after ____ weeks
gestation - ✔✔29
before the fetus develops adipose (29 weeks), lipid soluble toxicants
accumulate in tissues containing adipose such as? - ✔✔the developing
brain
