BIL 150 Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance ||
WELL-ENLIGHTENED.
When T.H. Morgan's group showed that genes are located on chromosomes, the two
components of chromosomes-_____ and _____-became candidates for the genetic material.
correct answers DNA; proteins
How was the role of DNA in heredity discovered? correct answers By studying bacteria and
the viruses that infect them
Griffith's experiment Overview correct answers An experiment carried out by Griffith using
the heat-killed bacteria in mice to discover that a factor in heat-killed, disease-causing
bacteria can *"transform"* harmless bacteria into ones that can cause disease.
Transformation correct answers A change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation
of foreign DNA by a cell; best seen in *Griffith's experiment*
Hershey-Chase Experiment correct answers Used radioactive material to label DNA and
protein; the infected bacteria passed on DNA and was radioactive; They designed an
experiment showing that only one of the two components of T2 (DNA or protein) enters an
E. coli cell during infection; *helped prove that DNA is genetic material not proteins*
Phage Replication correct answers The phage injects its chromosomes into the E. Coli. It then
breaks down the chromosome of the host and hijacks the replication materials of the host.
The phage's progeny is assembled and the released through lysis.
Bacteriophages correct answers A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage.
Virus correct answers DNA (sometimes RNA), enclosed by a protective coat, often simply
protein
Chargaff's Rules correct answers 1. The base composition of dNA varies between species
(genomes are not the same between species)
2. A = T & G = C
Waston-Crick Model (Also Rosalind Franklin) correct answers Developed the current model
for the DNA double helix using Franklin's X-ray diffraction; determine the structure of DNA
Properties of DNA that were discovered using Franklin's X-ray crystallographic images
correct answers 1. DNA was helical
2. Were able to deduce the width of the helix and the spacing of
nitrogenous bases
3. DNA consisted of a *double helix*
4. There were two outer sugar phosphate backbones with the nitrogenous bases in the interior
WELL-ENLIGHTENED.
When T.H. Morgan's group showed that genes are located on chromosomes, the two
components of chromosomes-_____ and _____-became candidates for the genetic material.
correct answers DNA; proteins
How was the role of DNA in heredity discovered? correct answers By studying bacteria and
the viruses that infect them
Griffith's experiment Overview correct answers An experiment carried out by Griffith using
the heat-killed bacteria in mice to discover that a factor in heat-killed, disease-causing
bacteria can *"transform"* harmless bacteria into ones that can cause disease.
Transformation correct answers A change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation
of foreign DNA by a cell; best seen in *Griffith's experiment*
Hershey-Chase Experiment correct answers Used radioactive material to label DNA and
protein; the infected bacteria passed on DNA and was radioactive; They designed an
experiment showing that only one of the two components of T2 (DNA or protein) enters an
E. coli cell during infection; *helped prove that DNA is genetic material not proteins*
Phage Replication correct answers The phage injects its chromosomes into the E. Coli. It then
breaks down the chromosome of the host and hijacks the replication materials of the host.
The phage's progeny is assembled and the released through lysis.
Bacteriophages correct answers A virus that infects bacteria; also called a phage.
Virus correct answers DNA (sometimes RNA), enclosed by a protective coat, often simply
protein
Chargaff's Rules correct answers 1. The base composition of dNA varies between species
(genomes are not the same between species)
2. A = T & G = C
Waston-Crick Model (Also Rosalind Franklin) correct answers Developed the current model
for the DNA double helix using Franklin's X-ray diffraction; determine the structure of DNA
Properties of DNA that were discovered using Franklin's X-ray crystallographic images
correct answers 1. DNA was helical
2. Were able to deduce the width of the helix and the spacing of
nitrogenous bases
3. DNA consisted of a *double helix*
4. There were two outer sugar phosphate backbones with the nitrogenous bases in the interior
