RNSG 2432 - Valvular HD, Aneurysms, Myopathy
Questions With Complete Solutions
**Antibiotic administration =60 minutes before incision =
Core Measure for aneurysm surgery!
Aneurysm can occur in any artery but the *aorta is most
common*. Growth rate = unpredictable
The LARGER the aneurysm = greater risk of rupture
Dilated aortic wall can become lined with thrombi that can
embolize
- Leads to acute ischemic symptoms in distal branches
ALWAYS assess peripheral pulses!!!
Fusiform aneurysm (true aneurysm) = Circumferential,
relatively uniform in shape
Most aneurysms are fusiform and 98% are below the renal artery
Risk factors for aneurysm = atherosclerosis
***Male gender and smoking stronger risk factors than
hypertension and DM
Studies suggest strong genetic predisposition. Screening done
in 60's
-Abrupt severe, ripping of tearing pain in area of aneurysm
-mild or marked HTN (early)
, -weak or absent pulses and BP in upper extremities
-Syncope Correct Answer S&S of aortic dissection
**Dyspnea on exertion (DOE) due to reduced lung compliance.
Hemoptysis, fatigue, atrial fib from decreased blood flow to LV,
palpitations, stroke, loud S1 sound,
MVS murmur.
Can cause seizure or a stroke. Hoarse voice Correct Answer
What clinical manifestations would be present in a patient with
mitral stenosis?
**Emergency surgery is needed if involves ascending aorta
Correct Answer Collaborative care for aortic dissection
*Aortic regurgitation*
Mussets sign = the head is nodding in time with the heart beat,
this is an indication that the systolic pulse is being felt by the pt
because of the increased pulse pressure.
Water hammer pulse = a bounding, forceful, rapidly increasing
and subsequently collapsing. Due to the large stroke volume and
"aortic runoff" of blood from the aorta back into the left
ventricle, there is a sudden rise and abrupt collapse of peripheral
arterial pulse. Correct Answer Which valvular disease(s) cause
a water hammer pulse and Musset's sign? Explain why these
manifestations might develop?
*Genetic*
Also known as IHSS or HOCM
Get hypertrophy of the ventricular mass and impairs ventricular
filling and CO (septum of heart is BIG)
Questions With Complete Solutions
**Antibiotic administration =60 minutes before incision =
Core Measure for aneurysm surgery!
Aneurysm can occur in any artery but the *aorta is most
common*. Growth rate = unpredictable
The LARGER the aneurysm = greater risk of rupture
Dilated aortic wall can become lined with thrombi that can
embolize
- Leads to acute ischemic symptoms in distal branches
ALWAYS assess peripheral pulses!!!
Fusiform aneurysm (true aneurysm) = Circumferential,
relatively uniform in shape
Most aneurysms are fusiform and 98% are below the renal artery
Risk factors for aneurysm = atherosclerosis
***Male gender and smoking stronger risk factors than
hypertension and DM
Studies suggest strong genetic predisposition. Screening done
in 60's
-Abrupt severe, ripping of tearing pain in area of aneurysm
-mild or marked HTN (early)
, -weak or absent pulses and BP in upper extremities
-Syncope Correct Answer S&S of aortic dissection
**Dyspnea on exertion (DOE) due to reduced lung compliance.
Hemoptysis, fatigue, atrial fib from decreased blood flow to LV,
palpitations, stroke, loud S1 sound,
MVS murmur.
Can cause seizure or a stroke. Hoarse voice Correct Answer
What clinical manifestations would be present in a patient with
mitral stenosis?
**Emergency surgery is needed if involves ascending aorta
Correct Answer Collaborative care for aortic dissection
*Aortic regurgitation*
Mussets sign = the head is nodding in time with the heart beat,
this is an indication that the systolic pulse is being felt by the pt
because of the increased pulse pressure.
Water hammer pulse = a bounding, forceful, rapidly increasing
and subsequently collapsing. Due to the large stroke volume and
"aortic runoff" of blood from the aorta back into the left
ventricle, there is a sudden rise and abrupt collapse of peripheral
arterial pulse. Correct Answer Which valvular disease(s) cause
a water hammer pulse and Musset's sign? Explain why these
manifestations might develop?
*Genetic*
Also known as IHSS or HOCM
Get hypertrophy of the ventricular mass and impairs ventricular
filling and CO (septum of heart is BIG)
