Language of Medicine Chapter 14
1. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Depression or suppression of
the im- mune system after exposure to the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV); marked by opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms,
and neurologic problems.
2. adaptive immunity: Formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after
exposure to an antigen.
3. adenoids: Small masses of lymphatic tissue in the throat, close to
the nasal (nose) passageway.
4. allergen: Substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity in a
body; an antigen.
5. allergy: Abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen
(allergen).
6. anaphylaxis: Exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign
protein or other substance.
7. antibody: Protein made by white blood cells in response to foreign
substances (antigens) in the blood.
8. antigen: Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an
immune response.
9. asplenia: Absence of a spleen.
10.atopy: Intense allergic reaction (such as asthma) influenced by
hereditary ten- dency or predisposition.
11.autoimmune disease: Antibodies that are produced against an
individual's own normal cells.
12.axillary node: Lymph node under the arm.
13.B cell: A lymphocyte that originates in bone marrow and
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, Language of Medicine Chapter 14
transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies.
14.CD4+ cell: Helper T-cells that carry the CD4+ protein antigen on their
surface.
15.cell-mediated immunity: Type of immune response that involves T-cell
lympho- cytes. These lymphocytes act directly on antigens to destroy
them.
16.cervical nodes: Lymph nodes in the neck.
17.complement system: Proteins in the blood that help antibodies and
kill their target.
18.cytokine: Protein that aids cells to destroy antigens. Examples are
interleukins and interferons.
19.cytotoxic T cell: T-cell lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells; T8
cell.
20.dendritic cell: A type of macrophage that captures antigens and
presents them to T-cells for destruction.
21.ELISA: Test to detect anti-HIV antibodies in blood. This is a
screening test for AIDS.
22.helper T cell: Lymphocyte that aids a B-cell lymphocyte in
recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production.
23.Hodgkin disease: Malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue in the spleen
and lymph nodes.
24.human immunodeficiency virus: Virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS.
25.humoral immunity: Type of immune response in which a B cell
lymphocyte transforms into a plasma cell and secretes antibodies.
26.hypersplenism: Syndrome of spleen enlargement (splenomegaly) and
2/
1. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Depression or suppression of
the im- mune system after exposure to the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV); marked by opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms,
and neurologic problems.
2. adaptive immunity: Formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after
exposure to an antigen.
3. adenoids: Small masses of lymphatic tissue in the throat, close to
the nasal (nose) passageway.
4. allergen: Substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity in a
body; an antigen.
5. allergy: Abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen
(allergen).
6. anaphylaxis: Exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign
protein or other substance.
7. antibody: Protein made by white blood cells in response to foreign
substances (antigens) in the blood.
8. antigen: Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an
immune response.
9. asplenia: Absence of a spleen.
10.atopy: Intense allergic reaction (such as asthma) influenced by
hereditary ten- dency or predisposition.
11.autoimmune disease: Antibodies that are produced against an
individual's own normal cells.
12.axillary node: Lymph node under the arm.
13.B cell: A lymphocyte that originates in bone marrow and
1/
, Language of Medicine Chapter 14
transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies.
14.CD4+ cell: Helper T-cells that carry the CD4+ protein antigen on their
surface.
15.cell-mediated immunity: Type of immune response that involves T-cell
lympho- cytes. These lymphocytes act directly on antigens to destroy
them.
16.cervical nodes: Lymph nodes in the neck.
17.complement system: Proteins in the blood that help antibodies and
kill their target.
18.cytokine: Protein that aids cells to destroy antigens. Examples are
interleukins and interferons.
19.cytotoxic T cell: T-cell lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells; T8
cell.
20.dendritic cell: A type of macrophage that captures antigens and
presents them to T-cells for destruction.
21.ELISA: Test to detect anti-HIV antibodies in blood. This is a
screening test for AIDS.
22.helper T cell: Lymphocyte that aids a B-cell lymphocyte in
recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production.
23.Hodgkin disease: Malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue in the spleen
and lymph nodes.
24.human immunodeficiency virus: Virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS.
25.humoral immunity: Type of immune response in which a B cell
lymphocyte transforms into a plasma cell and secretes antibodies.
26.hypersplenism: Syndrome of spleen enlargement (splenomegaly) and
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