Summary - Unit 9 - Thermodynamics

↑LETODALLEIDGE
specific heat
capacity - amount of energy required to increase the temperature

without



&.
of lkg of a substance
by 1C/1K

changing its state




-E =
mc@ -E =
Com
-
specific latent heat amount of required to
change the state
Ikg
-




energy of

without
of substance
increasing temperature




/
O
·
latent heat of Jusion
②
·
latent heat of vaporisation
·
has Ep than solid
gas
a
greater a

↓
ideal gas Ep
=
0
negativeEp
energy


internal -




equal to the all the Er and Ep of its particles
energy sum of

>
-
En distributed
and Ep are
randomly
mnimuernal
-
energy changes
it
when
summ
of substance
changes ,




while Er
because
I of the system changes is constant




3
absolute zero-when particles have En =
0 OK =
-273

(at O Kelvin) ->
volume and
pressure
=
O




assumptions
mmmgas
negligible
·
volume molecules is compared to volume
of of gas
·
duration time collisions
of collisions is negligible compared to between

·
collisions
motion of molecules is random
,
and
they experience perfectly elastic

collisions
·
motion molecules follows Newton's laws
straight lines between
-




of
·

intermolecular forces are negligible