Bio 213: anatomy and physiology-
human organism chapter 1
anatomy - ANSWERSscientific discipline that investigates the body's structure
physiology - ANSWERSscientific investigation of the processes or functions of living
things
gross or macroscopic anatomy - ANSWERS-structure examined without a microscope
-types: regional, systemic, surface
gross or macroscopic anatomy: regional - ANSWERS-examines all structures within a
specific area of the body
-examples: back, neck
gross or macroscopic anatomy: systemic - ANSWERS-studied system by system
-examples: muscular, nervous, skeletal, circulatory, excretory, digestive, reproductive,
endocrine, repiratory, lymphatic, & integumentary
gross or macroscopic anatomy: surface - ANSWERS-examines the exterior of the body
in order to visualize structures deeper inside the body
-the basis of the "physical exam"
-examples: nipple, sternal notch, umbilicus
developmental anatomy - ANSWERSstudies changes in anatomy that occur throughout
the course of development
microscopic anatomy - ANSWERS-structures seen with the microscope
-types: cytology, histology
microscopic anatomy: cytology - ANSWERScellular anatomy
microscopic anatomy: histology - ANSWERSstudy of tissues
topics of physiology - ANSWERS-reveals dynamic nature of living things
-considers operations of specific systems or structures
topics of physiology: systemic physiology - ANSWERSexamines functions of an organ
system
-types: systemic physiology, cell physiology
systemic physiology - ANSWERS-neurophysiology
-cardiovascular
, systemic physiology: neurophysiology - ANSWERSexamines functions and activity of
the nervous system
systemic physiology: cardiovascular - ANSWERSexamines functions and activity of the
heart and blood vessels
topics of physiology: cell physiology - ANSWERSexamines processes in cells
pathology - ANSWERSstructural and functional changes caused by disease
exercise physiology - ANSWERSchanges in structure and function caused by exercise
what is life? - ANSWERS-difficult to define
-all living organisms possess the following characteristics:
1. organization
2. metabolism
3. responsiveness
4. growth
5. development
6. reproduction
what is life?: 1. organization - ANSWERS-condition in which there are specific
relationships and functions among parts of the organism
-possess LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
-all living organisms are composed of AT LEAST ONE CELL
organization - ANSWERS-chemicals (smallest)
-cells
-tissues
-organ
-organ system
-organism (largest)
1. organization: chemicals - ANSWERS-interactions of atoms and molecules
-examples: carbon, oxygen, nitrogen
-examples: water, protein, nucleic acids
1. organization: cells - ANSWERS-structural and functional unit of living organisms
-examples: neurons, myocyte
1. organization: tissues - ANSWERS-group of similar cells and the materials
surrounding them
-examples: epithelial, muscle, nervous
1. organization: organ - ANSWERS-two or more tissues functioning together
-examples: heart, brain, stomach
human organism chapter 1
anatomy - ANSWERSscientific discipline that investigates the body's structure
physiology - ANSWERSscientific investigation of the processes or functions of living
things
gross or macroscopic anatomy - ANSWERS-structure examined without a microscope
-types: regional, systemic, surface
gross or macroscopic anatomy: regional - ANSWERS-examines all structures within a
specific area of the body
-examples: back, neck
gross or macroscopic anatomy: systemic - ANSWERS-studied system by system
-examples: muscular, nervous, skeletal, circulatory, excretory, digestive, reproductive,
endocrine, repiratory, lymphatic, & integumentary
gross or macroscopic anatomy: surface - ANSWERS-examines the exterior of the body
in order to visualize structures deeper inside the body
-the basis of the "physical exam"
-examples: nipple, sternal notch, umbilicus
developmental anatomy - ANSWERSstudies changes in anatomy that occur throughout
the course of development
microscopic anatomy - ANSWERS-structures seen with the microscope
-types: cytology, histology
microscopic anatomy: cytology - ANSWERScellular anatomy
microscopic anatomy: histology - ANSWERSstudy of tissues
topics of physiology - ANSWERS-reveals dynamic nature of living things
-considers operations of specific systems or structures
topics of physiology: systemic physiology - ANSWERSexamines functions of an organ
system
-types: systemic physiology, cell physiology
systemic physiology - ANSWERS-neurophysiology
-cardiovascular
, systemic physiology: neurophysiology - ANSWERSexamines functions and activity of
the nervous system
systemic physiology: cardiovascular - ANSWERSexamines functions and activity of the
heart and blood vessels
topics of physiology: cell physiology - ANSWERSexamines processes in cells
pathology - ANSWERSstructural and functional changes caused by disease
exercise physiology - ANSWERSchanges in structure and function caused by exercise
what is life? - ANSWERS-difficult to define
-all living organisms possess the following characteristics:
1. organization
2. metabolism
3. responsiveness
4. growth
5. development
6. reproduction
what is life?: 1. organization - ANSWERS-condition in which there are specific
relationships and functions among parts of the organism
-possess LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
-all living organisms are composed of AT LEAST ONE CELL
organization - ANSWERS-chemicals (smallest)
-cells
-tissues
-organ
-organ system
-organism (largest)
1. organization: chemicals - ANSWERS-interactions of atoms and molecules
-examples: carbon, oxygen, nitrogen
-examples: water, protein, nucleic acids
1. organization: cells - ANSWERS-structural and functional unit of living organisms
-examples: neurons, myocyte
1. organization: tissues - ANSWERS-group of similar cells and the materials
surrounding them
-examples: epithelial, muscle, nervous
1. organization: organ - ANSWERS-two or more tissues functioning together
-examples: heart, brain, stomach
