PVL3703 EXAM PACK 2023 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

PVL3703 EXAM PACK 2023 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS


Definitionzofzazdelictz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Anzactzofzazpersonzthatzinzazwrongfulzandzculpablezwayzcauseszharmztozanother.



Definitionzofzconductz-zCORRECTzANSWER-[Voluntary]zhumanzactzorzomission.



Definitionzofzintentz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Whenzanzaccountablezperson'szwillziszdirectedzatzazresultzwhichzhezcauseszwhilezconsciouszofzthezwrongfu
lnesszofzthezconduct.



Requirementszforzthezactiozpauperiez-zCORRECTzANSWER-
*zThezdefendantzmustzbezthezownerzofzthezanimalzwhenzthezdamageziszinflicted

*zThezanimalzmustzbezazdomesticzanimal

*zThezanimalzmustzactzcontraznaturamzsuizgeneriszwhenzinflictingzthezdamage

*zThezprejudicedzpersonzorzhiszpropertyzmustzbezlawfullyzpresentzatzthezlocationzwherezthezdamageziszinfl
icted.



TestzforznegligencezaszperzKrugerzvzCoetzeez-zCORRECTzANSWER-
(a)zAzdiligenszpaterfamiliaszinzthezpositionzofzazdefendantz-z

i.zWouldzforeseezthezreasonablezpossibilityzofzhiszconductzinjuringzanotherzinzhiszpersonzorzpropertyzandzc
ausingzhimzpatrimonialzloss;zand

ii.zWouldztakezreasonablezstepsztozguardzagainstzsuchzoccurrence;zand

(b)zThezdefendantzfailedztoztakezsuchzsteps



Definitionzofzactiozpastuz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Thezdefendantzmustzbezthezownerzofzthezanimalzwhenzthezdamageziszcaused

Thezanimalzmustzcausezdamagezbyzeatingzplants

Thezanimalzmustzactzofzitszownzvolitionzwhenzcausingzdamages

, AnzactzaszazJuristiczpersonztestz-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Anzactzperformedzbyzorzatzthezorderzofzorzwithzthezpermissionzifzazdirector,zofficialzorzservantzofzazjuristiczp
ersonzinzthezexercisezofzhiszdutieszorzfunctionszinzadvantagezorzattemptingztozadvancezthezinterestzofzthezj
uristiczperson,ziszdeemedztozhavezbeenzperformedzbyzthezjuristiczperson.



Definitionzofzazwrongfulzact:z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Azwrongfulzactziszdefinedzaszlegallyzreprehensiblezorzunreasonablezconductzbyzwhichzprejudiceziszcaused.



Azsubjectivezrightzhaszbeenzinfringedzwhen?z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
Thezrelationshipzbetweenzthezholderzofzthezrightzandzthezobjectzofzthezrightzhaszbeenzinfringedzinzazlegally
zreprehensiblezmanner.




Mckerronzdeduceszfromzcasezlawzthatzinzorderztozconstitutezwrongfulnesszinzthezcircumstanceszthezplainti
ffzmustzprovezthezfollowing:z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
a.zthatzthezrelevantzstatutoryzmeasurezprovidedzthezplaintiffzwithzazprivatezlawzremedy.

b.zthatzthezplaintiffziszazpersonzforzwhosezbenefitzandzprotectionzthezstatutoryzdutyzwaszimposed.

c.zthatztheznaturezofzthezharmzandzthezmannerzinzwhichzitzoccurredzarezsuchzaszarezcontemplatedzbyztheze
nactment

d.zthatzthezdefendantzinzfactztransgressedzthezstatutoryzprovision

e.zthatztherezwaszazcausalznexuszbetweenztheztransgressionzofzthezstatutoryzprovisionzandzthezharm



Elementszofzthezjustificationzofzdefense:z-zCORRECTzANSWER-a.Thezattackzmustzconsistzofzazhumanzact

b.zThezattackzmustzbezwrongful;zinzotherzwordszitzmustzthreatenzorzviolatezazlegallyzprotectedzinterestzwit
houtzjustification

c.Thezattackzmustzhavezalreadyzhavezcommencedzorzbezimminentlyzthreatening,zbutzmustznotzhavezcease
d.



Requirementszforzthezjustificationzofzdefense:z-zCORRECTzANSWER-
a.zthezdefensezmustzbezdirectedzagainstzthezaggressorzhimself

b.zthezdefensezmustzbeznecessaryztozprotectzthezthreatenedzright

c.zthezactzofzdefensezmustznotzbezmorezharmfulzthanzisznecessaryztozwardzoffzthezattack