NURS 487 Gi disfunction Exam Questions And
Accurate Answers 2024-2025
Nausea - ANSWER feeling of uneasiness in the epigastrium with a conscious desire to
vomit.
Vomiting - ANSWER vigorous expulsion of partly digested food and secretions (emesis)
from the upper GI tract.
regurgitation - ANSWER process by which partly digested food is returned slowly from
the stomach. Retching or vomiting seldom precedes it.
projectile vomiting - ANSWER very forceful expulsion of stomach contents w/o nausea
and is a characteristic of CNS tumours or increased ICP.
What controls vomiting? - ANSWER brainstem is the vomiting centre of the brain,
responds to stimuli from visceral receptors (GI tract, kidneys, uterus.) Chemoreceptors
and can be protective.
complications of vomiting? - ANSWER risk for aspiration and dehydration
What should be looked at w/ emesis? - ANSWER type, color, contents
what is the implication of coffee ground emesis? - ANS hemorrhage from the stomach
Signs and symptoms of Vomiting - ANS anorexia, loss of appetite, dehydration,
tachycardia, tachypnea, weight loss, fecal odor from breath, presence of bile in emesis
, GERD - ANS backward movement of stomach contents (HCL, pepsin, and trypsin) into
the esophagus causing irritation.
what can exacerbate symptoms of GERD? - ANS alcohol, chocolate, fatty foods,
nicotine, peppermint, coffee, anticholinergics, calcium channel blockers, and beta
adrenergic blockers
Symptoms of GERD - ANSWER dyspepsia, heartburn after eating, increased salivation,
burping, wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, bloating, nausea, and delayed gastric emptying
Diagnostics for GERD - ANSWER endoscopy - barium swallow to evaluate damage,
esophageal pH monitoring
hiatal hernia - ANSWER herniation of a portion of the stomach into the esophagus
through the hiatal opening in the diaphragm, two kinds sliding and rolling hernia.
Sliding hernia - ANS part of stomach slides through hiatal opening into the diaphragm
when patient is supine but returns to normal when sitting upright, most common type.
rolling hernia - ANS The esophagogastric junction remains in the normal position, but
the fundus and the greater curvature of the stomach roll up through the diaphragm,
forming a pocket alongside the esophagus.
Hiatal hernia symptoms- ANSWER Heartburn, nocturnal symptoms, dysphagia, reflux,
bending over causing severe burning pain thats relived by sitting upright, pain induced
by intake of certain foods like large meals, alcohol or smoking.
Hiatal hernia diagnostics- ANSWER barium swallow, endoscopy
Gastritis- ANSWER inflammation of the gastric mucosa, can be due to bacteria, drugs,
or different foods. Ex) Nsaids, ASA, corticosteroids, alcohol, spicy foods, H. pylori, strep
Accurate Answers 2024-2025
Nausea - ANSWER feeling of uneasiness in the epigastrium with a conscious desire to
vomit.
Vomiting - ANSWER vigorous expulsion of partly digested food and secretions (emesis)
from the upper GI tract.
regurgitation - ANSWER process by which partly digested food is returned slowly from
the stomach. Retching or vomiting seldom precedes it.
projectile vomiting - ANSWER very forceful expulsion of stomach contents w/o nausea
and is a characteristic of CNS tumours or increased ICP.
What controls vomiting? - ANSWER brainstem is the vomiting centre of the brain,
responds to stimuli from visceral receptors (GI tract, kidneys, uterus.) Chemoreceptors
and can be protective.
complications of vomiting? - ANSWER risk for aspiration and dehydration
What should be looked at w/ emesis? - ANSWER type, color, contents
what is the implication of coffee ground emesis? - ANS hemorrhage from the stomach
Signs and symptoms of Vomiting - ANS anorexia, loss of appetite, dehydration,
tachycardia, tachypnea, weight loss, fecal odor from breath, presence of bile in emesis
, GERD - ANS backward movement of stomach contents (HCL, pepsin, and trypsin) into
the esophagus causing irritation.
what can exacerbate symptoms of GERD? - ANS alcohol, chocolate, fatty foods,
nicotine, peppermint, coffee, anticholinergics, calcium channel blockers, and beta
adrenergic blockers
Symptoms of GERD - ANSWER dyspepsia, heartburn after eating, increased salivation,
burping, wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, bloating, nausea, and delayed gastric emptying
Diagnostics for GERD - ANSWER endoscopy - barium swallow to evaluate damage,
esophageal pH monitoring
hiatal hernia - ANSWER herniation of a portion of the stomach into the esophagus
through the hiatal opening in the diaphragm, two kinds sliding and rolling hernia.
Sliding hernia - ANS part of stomach slides through hiatal opening into the diaphragm
when patient is supine but returns to normal when sitting upright, most common type.
rolling hernia - ANS The esophagogastric junction remains in the normal position, but
the fundus and the greater curvature of the stomach roll up through the diaphragm,
forming a pocket alongside the esophagus.
Hiatal hernia symptoms- ANSWER Heartburn, nocturnal symptoms, dysphagia, reflux,
bending over causing severe burning pain thats relived by sitting upright, pain induced
by intake of certain foods like large meals, alcohol or smoking.
Hiatal hernia diagnostics- ANSWER barium swallow, endoscopy
Gastritis- ANSWER inflammation of the gastric mucosa, can be due to bacteria, drugs,
or different foods. Ex) Nsaids, ASA, corticosteroids, alcohol, spicy foods, H. pylori, strep
