NSG 1600 / NSG1600 OB UNIT 1 EXAM. QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.

WHAT ARE THE THREE FUNCTIONS OF THE PLACENTA? -to provide for the transfer and exchange of substances. -to act as a barrier to certain substances. -to function as a endocrine gland by producing hormones. WHEN DOES THE PLACENTA BEGIN TO DEVELOP? THE FETUS DOES NOT RECEIVE IMMUNITY TO WHAT? ese pathogens during her pregnancy, fetal infection may occur. Some pathogens can cause birth defects. WHAT HORMONES DO THE PLACENTA SECRETE TO HELP SUSTAIN A PREGNANCY? Progesterone, estrogen, and HcG. -progesterone is necessary to maintain the nutrient rich endometrial lining, the decidua. -estrogen functions to provide a rich blood supply to the decidua and placenta. -hcG is to sustain the corpus luteum at the beginning of the pregnancy. IUGR INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION rowth has slowed for some reason, resulting in a fetus that is smaller than expected for gestational age. DECREASES BLOOD FLOW TO THE FETUS? WHARTON JELLY a clear gelatinous substance that gives support to the cord and helps prevent compression of the cord, which could impair blood flow to the fetus FETAL CIRCULATION Aids in carrying oxygenated blood from the placenta to the major organs especially the brain liver and kidneys. THREE MAJOR SHUNTS IN FETAL CIRCULATION SYSTEM Ductus Venosus Foramen Ovale Ductus Arteriosus UMBILICAL VEIN carries oxygenated blood from placenta to fetus DUCTUS VENOSUS connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver FORAMEN OVALE connects the two atria in the fetal heart DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta UMBILICAL ARTERIES TERATOGEN any factor that can cause a birth defect TYPES OF TERATOGENIC AGENTS THERAPEUTIC FOR PREVENTING SEIZURES IN THE WOMAN BUT CAN CAUSE CLEFT PALATE AND OTHER ABNORMALITIES IN THE FETUS Phenytoin ONE OF THE FETUS MAIN BODY SYSTEMS AFFECTED THROUGHOUT THE EMBRYONIC AND FETAL PERIOD IS THE CAT FECES ARE KNOWN TO CARRY THE PARASITE THAT CAUSES Toxoplasmosis ECTOPIC PREGNANCY MONOZYGOTIC identical twins DIZYGOTIC fraternal twins WHERE IS THE LH SECRETED FROM? MITOSIS Process by which somatic cells divide to create new cells. Each cell contains the same number of chromosomes as original cell MEIOSIS UMBILICAL CORD Extends from fetal umbilicus to fetal surface of the placenta. Two arteries bringing deoxygenated blood from the fetus to placenta and one vein bringing oxygenated and nourished blood from placenta to fetus EXPOSURE TO A TERATOGEN DURING WHICH STAGE PRODUCES THE GREATEST DAMAGING EFFECTS TO A FETUS? Embryonic Stage