ATCN 2020 Chapter 6. Head Trauma
Exam 100% Correct!!
The primary goal of treatment for patients with suspected TBI's is to prevent
___________________________________________. - ANSWER Secondary Brain injury
The most important ways to limit secondary brain damage and thereby improve a patients outcome
are to - ANSWER Ensure adequate oxygenation and maintain blood pressure at the level that is
sufficient to perfuse the brain.
Skull
Anterior Fossa - Houses ??????
Middle Fossa - Houses ?????
Posterior Fossa - houses ????? - ANSWER Anterior Fossa - Houses the frontal lobes
Middle Fossa - Houses the temporal lobes
Posterior Fossa - contains the lower brain stem and cerebellum
Meninges
___________________________________ is a tough fibrous membrane that adheres firmly to the
internal surface of the skull, at specific sites, the ________________ splits into two "leaves" that
enclose the large venous sinuses, which provide the major venous drainage from the brain. -
ANSWER Dura Mater / Dura.
______________________________________ lie between the dura and the internal surface of the
skull in the epidural space. Overlying skull fractures can lacerate these arteries and cause an epidural
hematoma. - ANSWER Meningeal arteries
The _____________________________________ is the most common injured artery, located over
the temporal fossa. - ANSWER The middle meningeal artery
__________________________________________ space between the dura mater and the
arachnoid mater - ANSWER Subdural space
, Beneath the dura is a second meningeal layer: the thin, transparent arachnoid mater. Because the
dura is not attached to the underlying arachnoid membranes a potential space between these layers
exists (the subdural space) into which hemorrhage can occur. - ANSWER In a Brian injury, bridging
veins that travel from the surface of the brain to the venous sinuses within the dura may tear, leading
to the formation of a subdural hematoma.
The _______________________________ is responsible mainly for coordination and balance,
projects posteriorly in the posterior fossa and connects to the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebral
hemispheres. - ANSWER Cerebellum
______________________________________ are a system of CSF filled spaces and aqueducts
within the brain. CSF is constantly produced with the ventricles and absorbed over the surface of the
brain. The presence of blood in the CSF can impair its reabsorption, resulting in increased intracranial
pressure. - ANSWER Ventricular System
The meninges partitions separate the brain into regions. The tentorium cerebelli divides the
intracranial cavity into : - ANSWER The Supratentorial and infratentorial compartments.
The mid Brian passes through the opening called the ? - ANSWER Tentorial hiatus or notch
The ____________________________________________ (cranial nerve III) runs along the edge of
the tentorium and may become compressed against it during temporal lobe herniation. - ANSWER
Ocular motor nerve
The parasympathetic fibers that constrict the pupils lie on the surface of the third cranial nerve:
compression of these superficial fibers during herniation causes pupillary dilitation due to un-
opposed sympathetic activity, often referred to as a __________________________________. -
ANSWER Blown Pupil.
______________________________________ is firmly attached to the surface of the brain. Cerebral
spinal fluid fills the space between the watertight arachnoid mater and the pia mater. (Subarachnoid
space) Hemorrhage into this fluid filled space frequently accompanies brain contusion and injuries to
major blood vessels at the base of the brain. - ANSWER Pia Mater
_____________________________________________ right and left sides are separated by the falx.
The left hemisphere contains the language center in virtually all right handed people and in more
than 85% of left handed people. - ANSWER Cerebrum
Exam 100% Correct!!
The primary goal of treatment for patients with suspected TBI's is to prevent
___________________________________________. - ANSWER Secondary Brain injury
The most important ways to limit secondary brain damage and thereby improve a patients outcome
are to - ANSWER Ensure adequate oxygenation and maintain blood pressure at the level that is
sufficient to perfuse the brain.
Skull
Anterior Fossa - Houses ??????
Middle Fossa - Houses ?????
Posterior Fossa - houses ????? - ANSWER Anterior Fossa - Houses the frontal lobes
Middle Fossa - Houses the temporal lobes
Posterior Fossa - contains the lower brain stem and cerebellum
Meninges
___________________________________ is a tough fibrous membrane that adheres firmly to the
internal surface of the skull, at specific sites, the ________________ splits into two "leaves" that
enclose the large venous sinuses, which provide the major venous drainage from the brain. -
ANSWER Dura Mater / Dura.
______________________________________ lie between the dura and the internal surface of the
skull in the epidural space. Overlying skull fractures can lacerate these arteries and cause an epidural
hematoma. - ANSWER Meningeal arteries
The _____________________________________ is the most common injured artery, located over
the temporal fossa. - ANSWER The middle meningeal artery
__________________________________________ space between the dura mater and the
arachnoid mater - ANSWER Subdural space
, Beneath the dura is a second meningeal layer: the thin, transparent arachnoid mater. Because the
dura is not attached to the underlying arachnoid membranes a potential space between these layers
exists (the subdural space) into which hemorrhage can occur. - ANSWER In a Brian injury, bridging
veins that travel from the surface of the brain to the venous sinuses within the dura may tear, leading
to the formation of a subdural hematoma.
The _______________________________ is responsible mainly for coordination and balance,
projects posteriorly in the posterior fossa and connects to the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebral
hemispheres. - ANSWER Cerebellum
______________________________________ are a system of CSF filled spaces and aqueducts
within the brain. CSF is constantly produced with the ventricles and absorbed over the surface of the
brain. The presence of blood in the CSF can impair its reabsorption, resulting in increased intracranial
pressure. - ANSWER Ventricular System
The meninges partitions separate the brain into regions. The tentorium cerebelli divides the
intracranial cavity into : - ANSWER The Supratentorial and infratentorial compartments.
The mid Brian passes through the opening called the ? - ANSWER Tentorial hiatus or notch
The ____________________________________________ (cranial nerve III) runs along the edge of
the tentorium and may become compressed against it during temporal lobe herniation. - ANSWER
Ocular motor nerve
The parasympathetic fibers that constrict the pupils lie on the surface of the third cranial nerve:
compression of these superficial fibers during herniation causes pupillary dilitation due to un-
opposed sympathetic activity, often referred to as a __________________________________. -
ANSWER Blown Pupil.
______________________________________ is firmly attached to the surface of the brain. Cerebral
spinal fluid fills the space between the watertight arachnoid mater and the pia mater. (Subarachnoid
space) Hemorrhage into this fluid filled space frequently accompanies brain contusion and injuries to
major blood vessels at the base of the brain. - ANSWER Pia Mater
_____________________________________________ right and left sides are separated by the falx.
The left hemisphere contains the language center in virtually all right handed people and in more
than 85% of left handed people. - ANSWER Cerebrum
