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Anatomy and Physiology. Organization of
the Human Body. Exam Study Guide
Anatomy - answer✔science of structure and relationships between structures
Physiology - answer✔science of body functions, how the parts work.
What are 6 levels of body organization? - answer✔1. Chemical level. Atoms, the smallest units
of matter and molecules, two or more atoms joined together.
2. Cellular level. A combination of molecules. Cells are the basic structural and functional units
of an organism. Cells are made of organelles: nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes etc.
3. Tissue level. Tissues are groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together
to perform a particular function.
4. Organ level. Organs are 2 or more different kinds of tissues put together in often a
recognizable shape and have specific functions.
5. System level. System is related organs with a common function.
6. Organismal. Systems put together to make an organism.
Integumentary system. components and functions. - answer✔Components: skin and associated
structures: hair, nails, sweat and oil glands e.t.c. Function is to help regulate body temperature,
, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025
protect body, eliminate some waste, helps make vitamin D, detects sensations: touch, pressure,
pain, warmth and cold.
Skeletal system: components and functions. - answer✔Components: bones, joints and associated
cartilages. Function: to support and protect the body, area for muscle attachment, assists with
body movements, stores cells that produce blood cells, stores minerals and fats (lipids).
Muscular system: components and functions. - answer✔Components: skeletal muscle tissue,
usually attached to bones. Functions: Participates in producing body movements, produces heat
and maintains posture.
Nervous system: components and functions. - answer✔Components: brain, spinal cord, nerves,
special sense organs such as eyes and ears. Functions: regulates body activities through nerve
impulses by detecting changes in the environment, interpreting the changes, and responding to
changes by bringing about muscular contractions or glandular secretions.
Endocrine system: components and functions. - answer✔Components: all glands and tissues that
produce chemical regulators of body functions, called hormones. Functions: regulates body
activities through hormones transported by the blood to various target organs.
List glands in the endocrine system. - answer✔1. Pineal gland.
2. Hypothalamus Pituitary gland.
3. Thyroid gland.
4. Parathyroid glands.
Anatomy and Physiology. Organization of
the Human Body. Exam Study Guide
Anatomy - answer✔science of structure and relationships between structures
Physiology - answer✔science of body functions, how the parts work.
What are 6 levels of body organization? - answer✔1. Chemical level. Atoms, the smallest units
of matter and molecules, two or more atoms joined together.
2. Cellular level. A combination of molecules. Cells are the basic structural and functional units
of an organism. Cells are made of organelles: nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes etc.
3. Tissue level. Tissues are groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together
to perform a particular function.
4. Organ level. Organs are 2 or more different kinds of tissues put together in often a
recognizable shape and have specific functions.
5. System level. System is related organs with a common function.
6. Organismal. Systems put together to make an organism.
Integumentary system. components and functions. - answer✔Components: skin and associated
structures: hair, nails, sweat and oil glands e.t.c. Function is to help regulate body temperature,
, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025
protect body, eliminate some waste, helps make vitamin D, detects sensations: touch, pressure,
pain, warmth and cold.
Skeletal system: components and functions. - answer✔Components: bones, joints and associated
cartilages. Function: to support and protect the body, area for muscle attachment, assists with
body movements, stores cells that produce blood cells, stores minerals and fats (lipids).
Muscular system: components and functions. - answer✔Components: skeletal muscle tissue,
usually attached to bones. Functions: Participates in producing body movements, produces heat
and maintains posture.
Nervous system: components and functions. - answer✔Components: brain, spinal cord, nerves,
special sense organs such as eyes and ears. Functions: regulates body activities through nerve
impulses by detecting changes in the environment, interpreting the changes, and responding to
changes by bringing about muscular contractions or glandular secretions.
Endocrine system: components and functions. - answer✔Components: all glands and tissues that
produce chemical regulators of body functions, called hormones. Functions: regulates body
activities through hormones transported by the blood to various target organs.
List glands in the endocrine system. - answer✔1. Pineal gland.
2. Hypothalamus Pituitary gland.
3. Thyroid gland.
4. Parathyroid glands.
