2024
NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm
Exam 2 || Questions and All
Accurate Answers (Graded A+)
CONCEPTIAL RESEARCH |
,NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm Exam 2 ||
Questions and All Accurate Answers
(Graded A+)
Patient Education on using inhalers - ANSWER - For any patient prescribed an
inhaler, the RN should ensure the client can self administer the medication.
Teach back needed
The patient should wait 1-2 minutes between puffs
The patient should wait 5 minutes between 2 different inhalers
The patient should take a bronchodilator before a corticosteroid medication (B before
C)
The patient must keep track of doses on their inhaler
If opening a new inhaler, the patient should shake it and test before use.
If dexterity is limited, a spacer can be used to get more medication in the airway.
If the patient uses a steroid, they must wash their mouth out after use.
If not, fungal infection may occur
The patient should hold breath 10 seconds after receiving a puff.
short-term asthma treatment - ANSWER - Bronchodilator: albuterol
Acts as a rescue inhaler during asthma attacks.
Onset is in 5 minutes and will last longer.
Xanthine Derivatives: theophylline
Dilates airways
Can have high drug interactions in the body
IV/ inhaled glucocorticoids.
long term asthma treatment - ANSWER - Bronchodilator: salmeterol.
Used to control symptoms of asthma
Never is used alone (often with steroid)
Anticholinergics: ipratropium bromide
For long term asthma prevention
Works very slowly.
Corticosteroids: fluticasone
Non bronchodilation
Can take several weeks to show
COPD treatment - ANSWER - Bronchodilator- short acting albuterol
Steroid
Must keep o2 saturation between 88-92%
Most asthma treatments require what? - ANSWER - Combination of medications-
most medications cannot be used alone (need bronchodilator plus steroid)
Rescue inhalers - ANSWER - Quickly relax airways.
albuterol, epinephrine, metaproterenol, IV steroid
, Long term inhalers - ANSWER - salmeterol, ipratropium, theophylline,
montelukast ,fluticasone
Treatment of acute asthma attack - ANSWER - Oxygen use
Short acting bronchodilator- albuterol
Corticosteroid- ipratropium bromide IV
Will relieve hypoxemia, reduce airway inflammation, and relieve obstruction.
Bronchodilator mechanism of action - ANSWER - mimics the sympathetic NS and
opens up the lungs and stimulates beta receptors
Fast acting vs. long term asthma relief - ANSWER - Fast acting: used for acute
asthma relief, Long acting is for chronic asthma management and COPD
AE of bronchodilators - ANSWER - tachycardia, angina, tremors, nervous and shaky
feeling, hyperglycemia.
Pt teaching for bronchodilators - ANSWER - ensure patient takes medication as
prescribed and does not overuse short acting bronchodilator. Never use it alone with
asthma treatment.
Glucocorticoid mechanism of action - ANSWER - works to stop the inflammatory
process in the lungs, preventing bronchoconstriction. Stabilizes WBC membranes
that release bronchial constricting substances, increases bronchial smooth muscle
beta adrenergic stimulation.
Forms of Glucocorticoids - ANSWER - Inhaled: used for asthma and is the most
tolerated and fast acting, but can also be IV for systemic effects on the body.
AE of glucocorticoids - ANSWER - throat and mouth irritation, dry mouth, oral fungal
infections.
Pt teaching for glucocorticoids - ANSWER - must teach patients to rinse mouth out
after steroid use to prevent oral fungal infections, take bronchodilator 5 mins before
steroid.
Tiotropium mechanism of action - ANSWER - treats maintenance therapy and
bronchospasm in patients with COPD. Will block muscarinic receptors in lungs
how can we administer tiotropium? - ANSWER - inhaler
What should we not use tiotropium for? - ANSWER - asthma
Tiotropium onset and therapeutic level timeframes - ANSWER - Therapeutic effects
start 30 min post inhalation, peaks in 3 hrs, and lasts 24 hrs. With consistent dosing,
bronchodilation will improve after 8 days.
Anticholinergic side effects - ANSWER - blurred vision, dry mouth, tachycardia,
constipation, urinary retention
NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm
Exam 2 || Questions and All
Accurate Answers (Graded A+)
CONCEPTIAL RESEARCH |
,NUR 2474 Rasmussen Pharm Exam 2 ||
Questions and All Accurate Answers
(Graded A+)
Patient Education on using inhalers - ANSWER - For any patient prescribed an
inhaler, the RN should ensure the client can self administer the medication.
Teach back needed
The patient should wait 1-2 minutes between puffs
The patient should wait 5 minutes between 2 different inhalers
The patient should take a bronchodilator before a corticosteroid medication (B before
C)
The patient must keep track of doses on their inhaler
If opening a new inhaler, the patient should shake it and test before use.
If dexterity is limited, a spacer can be used to get more medication in the airway.
If the patient uses a steroid, they must wash their mouth out after use.
If not, fungal infection may occur
The patient should hold breath 10 seconds after receiving a puff.
short-term asthma treatment - ANSWER - Bronchodilator: albuterol
Acts as a rescue inhaler during asthma attacks.
Onset is in 5 minutes and will last longer.
Xanthine Derivatives: theophylline
Dilates airways
Can have high drug interactions in the body
IV/ inhaled glucocorticoids.
long term asthma treatment - ANSWER - Bronchodilator: salmeterol.
Used to control symptoms of asthma
Never is used alone (often with steroid)
Anticholinergics: ipratropium bromide
For long term asthma prevention
Works very slowly.
Corticosteroids: fluticasone
Non bronchodilation
Can take several weeks to show
COPD treatment - ANSWER - Bronchodilator- short acting albuterol
Steroid
Must keep o2 saturation between 88-92%
Most asthma treatments require what? - ANSWER - Combination of medications-
most medications cannot be used alone (need bronchodilator plus steroid)
Rescue inhalers - ANSWER - Quickly relax airways.
albuterol, epinephrine, metaproterenol, IV steroid
, Long term inhalers - ANSWER - salmeterol, ipratropium, theophylline,
montelukast ,fluticasone
Treatment of acute asthma attack - ANSWER - Oxygen use
Short acting bronchodilator- albuterol
Corticosteroid- ipratropium bromide IV
Will relieve hypoxemia, reduce airway inflammation, and relieve obstruction.
Bronchodilator mechanism of action - ANSWER - mimics the sympathetic NS and
opens up the lungs and stimulates beta receptors
Fast acting vs. long term asthma relief - ANSWER - Fast acting: used for acute
asthma relief, Long acting is for chronic asthma management and COPD
AE of bronchodilators - ANSWER - tachycardia, angina, tremors, nervous and shaky
feeling, hyperglycemia.
Pt teaching for bronchodilators - ANSWER - ensure patient takes medication as
prescribed and does not overuse short acting bronchodilator. Never use it alone with
asthma treatment.
Glucocorticoid mechanism of action - ANSWER - works to stop the inflammatory
process in the lungs, preventing bronchoconstriction. Stabilizes WBC membranes
that release bronchial constricting substances, increases bronchial smooth muscle
beta adrenergic stimulation.
Forms of Glucocorticoids - ANSWER - Inhaled: used for asthma and is the most
tolerated and fast acting, but can also be IV for systemic effects on the body.
AE of glucocorticoids - ANSWER - throat and mouth irritation, dry mouth, oral fungal
infections.
Pt teaching for glucocorticoids - ANSWER - must teach patients to rinse mouth out
after steroid use to prevent oral fungal infections, take bronchodilator 5 mins before
steroid.
Tiotropium mechanism of action - ANSWER - treats maintenance therapy and
bronchospasm in patients with COPD. Will block muscarinic receptors in lungs
how can we administer tiotropium? - ANSWER - inhaler
What should we not use tiotropium for? - ANSWER - asthma
Tiotropium onset and therapeutic level timeframes - ANSWER - Therapeutic effects
start 30 min post inhalation, peaks in 3 hrs, and lasts 24 hrs. With consistent dosing,
bronchodilation will improve after 8 days.
Anticholinergic side effects - ANSWER - blurred vision, dry mouth, tachycardia,
constipation, urinary retention
