Chapter 5 Introduction to Anatomy and
Physiology The Human Body: Review
What is the difference between gross human anatomy and microscopic human anatomy? (test) -
ANS - Gross human anatomy deals with the large structures of the human body (can be seen
through normal dissection).
- Microscopic anatomy deals with the smaller structures and fine detail that can be seen only
with the aid of a microscope.
What is the relationship between human anatomy and physiology? (test) - ANS - Human
anatomy is the study of the shape and structure of the human body and its parts.
- Human physiology is the scientific study of the functions or processes of the human body.
What are the six levels of organization of the body? (test) - ANS - Chemical level: deals with the
interactions of atoms and their combinations into molecules (molecules contribute to the
makeup of a cell)
- Cells: basic living units of all organisms
- Tissues: cells with similar structure and function are grouped together as tissues.
- Organs: two or more tissue types that together form a more complex structure; work together
to perform one or more functions; examples of organs: skin, heart, ear, stomach, liver
- Body Systems: consist of several organs that work together to accomplish a set of functions;
examples: nervous system, digestive system, respiratory system.
- Total Organism: made up of several systems that work together to maintain life.
What makes up an organ? List examples of organs. (test) - ANS - Two or more tissue types that
together form a more complex structure; work together to perform one or more functions.
- Examples of organs: skin, heart, ear, stomach, liver
What makes up a body system? List examples of body systems. (test) - ANS - Consists of
several organs that work together to accomplish a set of functions.
- Examples: respiratory system, digestive system, nervous system
, What makes up a total human organism? - ANS Several systems that work together to maintain
life.
What is the function of the integumentary system? (test) - ANS - Protect underlying tissues from
injury
- Protect against water loss
- Contain sense receptors
- Temperature regulation
- Synthesize chemicals to be used in other parts of the body
What makes up the integumentary system? - ANS Skin & accessory organs (hair, nails, sweat
glands, and sebaceous oil glands).
What is the function of the skeletal system? - ANS - Provides body framework & support
- Protects
- Attaches muscles to bones
- Provides calcium storage
What makes up the skeletal system? - ANS Bones, joints, ligaments, cartilage.
What is the function of the muscular system? (test) - ANS Produces movement, maintains
posture, and provides heat.
What is the function of the nervous system? (test) - ANS Coordinates body activities or in other
words, allows the body parts to communicate with each other and with the outside environment,
transmits stimuli.
What makes up the nervous system? - ANS Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
What is the function of the endocrine system? - ANS Regulates metabolic activities and body
chemistry.
What is the function of the cardiovascular system? - ANS Transports material from one part of
the body to another; defends against disease.
What makes up the cardiovascular system? - ANS Blood, heart, and blood vessels.
What is the function of the lymphatic system? - ANS Returns tissue fluid to the blood; defends
against disease.
What makes up the lymphatic system? - ANS Tonsils, spleen, and thymus.
What is the function of the digestive system? - ANS Ingests and digests food; absorbs nutrients
into blood.
Physiology The Human Body: Review
What is the difference between gross human anatomy and microscopic human anatomy? (test) -
ANS - Gross human anatomy deals with the large structures of the human body (can be seen
through normal dissection).
- Microscopic anatomy deals with the smaller structures and fine detail that can be seen only
with the aid of a microscope.
What is the relationship between human anatomy and physiology? (test) - ANS - Human
anatomy is the study of the shape and structure of the human body and its parts.
- Human physiology is the scientific study of the functions or processes of the human body.
What are the six levels of organization of the body? (test) - ANS - Chemical level: deals with the
interactions of atoms and their combinations into molecules (molecules contribute to the
makeup of a cell)
- Cells: basic living units of all organisms
- Tissues: cells with similar structure and function are grouped together as tissues.
- Organs: two or more tissue types that together form a more complex structure; work together
to perform one or more functions; examples of organs: skin, heart, ear, stomach, liver
- Body Systems: consist of several organs that work together to accomplish a set of functions;
examples: nervous system, digestive system, respiratory system.
- Total Organism: made up of several systems that work together to maintain life.
What makes up an organ? List examples of organs. (test) - ANS - Two or more tissue types that
together form a more complex structure; work together to perform one or more functions.
- Examples of organs: skin, heart, ear, stomach, liver
What makes up a body system? List examples of body systems. (test) - ANS - Consists of
several organs that work together to accomplish a set of functions.
- Examples: respiratory system, digestive system, nervous system
, What makes up a total human organism? - ANS Several systems that work together to maintain
life.
What is the function of the integumentary system? (test) - ANS - Protect underlying tissues from
injury
- Protect against water loss
- Contain sense receptors
- Temperature regulation
- Synthesize chemicals to be used in other parts of the body
What makes up the integumentary system? - ANS Skin & accessory organs (hair, nails, sweat
glands, and sebaceous oil glands).
What is the function of the skeletal system? - ANS - Provides body framework & support
- Protects
- Attaches muscles to bones
- Provides calcium storage
What makes up the skeletal system? - ANS Bones, joints, ligaments, cartilage.
What is the function of the muscular system? (test) - ANS Produces movement, maintains
posture, and provides heat.
What is the function of the nervous system? (test) - ANS Coordinates body activities or in other
words, allows the body parts to communicate with each other and with the outside environment,
transmits stimuli.
What makes up the nervous system? - ANS Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
What is the function of the endocrine system? - ANS Regulates metabolic activities and body
chemistry.
What is the function of the cardiovascular system? - ANS Transports material from one part of
the body to another; defends against disease.
What makes up the cardiovascular system? - ANS Blood, heart, and blood vessels.
What is the function of the lymphatic system? - ANS Returns tissue fluid to the blood; defends
against disease.
What makes up the lymphatic system? - ANS Tonsils, spleen, and thymus.
What is the function of the digestive system? - ANS Ingests and digests food; absorbs nutrients
into blood.
