General Chemistry ACS Study Guide with Complete Solutions

General Chemistry ACS Study Guide with Complete Solutions Isotopes - ️️ Correct-when the number of neutrons varies but it has the same number of protons ex) Ne-20 and Ne-22` What was believed until the beginning of the 20th century? - ️️ Correct-That all physical phenomena were deterministic Light - ️️ Correct-Form of electromagnetic radiation What is electromagnetic radiation composed of? - ️️ Correct-perpendicular oscillating waves, one for the magnetic field and one for the electric field Quantum number n - ️️ Correct-size, n>1 Quantum number l - ️️ Correct-shape, l=0 to (n-1) Quantum number ml - ️️ Correct-orientation, -l to +l s orbital - ️️ Correct-l=0, 1 orbital p orbital - ️️ Correct-l=1, 3 orbitals d orbital - ️️ Correct-l=2, 5 orbitals f orbital - ️️ Correct-l=3, 7 orbitals Electron configurations - ️️ Correct-description of the orbitals occupied by electrons TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024 2/6 Valence electrons - ️️ Correct-in the electron configuration they are the electrons associated with highest principle valence shell orbital Nonmetallic character trend - ️️ Correct-increases from left to right and bottom to top Electron Affinity trend - ️️ Correct-get more negative from left to right and bottom to top Ionization Energy trend - ️️ Correct-increases from left to right and bottom to top Metallic Character trend - ️️ Correct-gets more metallic from right to left and top to bottom Atomic Radius trend - ️️ Correct-increases from top to bottom and right to left Naming molecular compounds - ️️ Correct-prefix+1st element+prefix+base name of 2nd -ide Naming Ionic Compounds - ️️ Correct-metal w/ invariant charge=metal name metal w/ variant charge= metal name(charge) nonmetal= stem of name+-ide Oxidation numbers - ️️ Correct-1-3. sum=charge 4. 1A=+1 2A=+2 5. F=-1 6.H=+1 7. O=-2 8. POLY 9. 7A=-1 6A=-2 5A=-3 TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024 3/6 How to draw Lewis Structure - ️️ Correct-1. determine valence e- 2. use bond calculator 3. draw Lewis Structure 2 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - ️️ Correct-Linear 3 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - ️️ Correct-Trigonal Planar 3 electron groups, 1 lone pair - ️️ Correct-Bent-120 4 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - ️️ Correct-Tetrahedral 4 electron groups, 1 lone pair - ️️ Correct-Trigonal Pyramidal 4 electron groups, 2 lone pairs - ️️ Correct-Bent 109.5 5 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - ️️ Correct-Trigonal Bipyramidal 5 electron groups, 1 lone pair - ️️ Correct-Seesaw 5 electron groups, 2 lone pairs - ️️ Correct-T-shaped 5 electron groups, 3 lone pairs - ️️ Correct-Linear 6 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - ️️ Correct-Octahedral