Nur1141 Pharm Exam #6 Questions With
Answers
Hyperacidity - ANSWER- a condition in which the level of acid in the gastric juices is
excessive, causing discomfort.
Parietal cells - ANSWER- (also known as oxyntic or delomorphous cells), are the
epithelial cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. These cells are
located in the gastric glands found in the lining of the fundus and in the body of the
stomach.
Chief cells - ANSWER- (also known as a zymogenic cell or peptic cell) is a cell in the
stomach that releases pepsinogen and chymosin. Pepsinogen is activated into the
digestive enzyme pepsin when it comes in contact with acid produced by gastric parietal
cells.
Mucous cells - ANSWER- is composed of water, epithelial (surface) cells, dead
leukocytes, mucin, and inorganic salts. frequently clustered into small glands located on
the mucous membrane that lines virtually the entire digestive tract.
Antacids - ANSWER- MECHANISM OF ACTION
Neutralizes gastric acidity
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Diarrhea, constipation, kidney stones
INDICATIONS
Heartburn
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Drug allergy, renal failure and electrolyte
disturbance
Famotidine
H2 Receptor Antagonist - ANSWER- MECHANISM OF ACTION
Blocks H2 receptor of acid-producing parietal
cells.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, headache
, INDICATIONS
GERD, peptic ulcer disease
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Drug allergy, kidney and liver dysfunction
Omeprazole
Proton pump inhibitors - ANSWER- MECHANISM OF ACTION
blocks gastric acid secretion
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Well tolerated
INDICATIONS
Erosive esophagitis, GERD
Sucralfate
Miscellaneous acid-controlling drugs - ANSWER- MECHANISM OF ACTION
Mucosal protectant
ADVERSE EFFECTS
nausea, constipation, and dry mouth
INDICATIONS
Stress ulcerations
Diphenoxylate with atropine loperamide - ANSWER- Anti-diarrheal/Opioid
MECHANISM OF ACTION
inhibits GI motility and GI propulsion
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Drowsiness, urinary retention, dizziness
INDICATIONS:
Diarrhea
CONTRAINDICATIONS
drug allergy, gastrointestinal blockage
Senna
Lactulose: reduces serum ammonia levels - ANSWER- Laxative
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Promote bowel movements
Answers
Hyperacidity - ANSWER- a condition in which the level of acid in the gastric juices is
excessive, causing discomfort.
Parietal cells - ANSWER- (also known as oxyntic or delomorphous cells), are the
epithelial cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. These cells are
located in the gastric glands found in the lining of the fundus and in the body of the
stomach.
Chief cells - ANSWER- (also known as a zymogenic cell or peptic cell) is a cell in the
stomach that releases pepsinogen and chymosin. Pepsinogen is activated into the
digestive enzyme pepsin when it comes in contact with acid produced by gastric parietal
cells.
Mucous cells - ANSWER- is composed of water, epithelial (surface) cells, dead
leukocytes, mucin, and inorganic salts. frequently clustered into small glands located on
the mucous membrane that lines virtually the entire digestive tract.
Antacids - ANSWER- MECHANISM OF ACTION
Neutralizes gastric acidity
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Diarrhea, constipation, kidney stones
INDICATIONS
Heartburn
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Drug allergy, renal failure and electrolyte
disturbance
Famotidine
H2 Receptor Antagonist - ANSWER- MECHANISM OF ACTION
Blocks H2 receptor of acid-producing parietal
cells.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, headache
, INDICATIONS
GERD, peptic ulcer disease
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Drug allergy, kidney and liver dysfunction
Omeprazole
Proton pump inhibitors - ANSWER- MECHANISM OF ACTION
blocks gastric acid secretion
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Well tolerated
INDICATIONS
Erosive esophagitis, GERD
Sucralfate
Miscellaneous acid-controlling drugs - ANSWER- MECHANISM OF ACTION
Mucosal protectant
ADVERSE EFFECTS
nausea, constipation, and dry mouth
INDICATIONS
Stress ulcerations
Diphenoxylate with atropine loperamide - ANSWER- Anti-diarrheal/Opioid
MECHANISM OF ACTION
inhibits GI motility and GI propulsion
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Drowsiness, urinary retention, dizziness
INDICATIONS:
Diarrhea
CONTRAINDICATIONS
drug allergy, gastrointestinal blockage
Senna
Lactulose: reduces serum ammonia levels - ANSWER- Laxative
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Promote bowel movements
