Exam 3- Nurs 617 THIS YEAR MAIN EXAM ,
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Functions of the nervous system (4) - ANSWER-- Detecting,
analyzing and transmitting information
o Provides foundation for intelligence, anticipation, and
judgment
o Controls skeletal muscle movement
o Helps to regulate cardiac and visceral smooth activity
Definition of Neurons - ANSWER-functional cells that conduct
impulses to other nerve cells, muscles, or gland cells
Three parts of a neuron - ANSWER-cell body, dendrites, axon
What does the cell body do? - ANSWER-- Soma- nucleus- DNA
and genetic codes
- Cell activity
- Metabolic activities
What do dendrites do? - ANSWER-conduct info to cell body
§ Extension of cell body that brings info into the cell body
,Exam 3- Nurs 617 THIS YEAR MAIN EXAM ,
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What does the axon do? - ANSWER-Long projections from the
cell body (normally only one) that pass nerve impulses
Function of neuroglial cells - ANSWER-- provide protection,
regulate blood flow and metabolic support for the neurons
o Form the myelin sheath from oligodendrocytes and Schwan
cells
§ Helps with the transmission of electrical impulses along the
nerve cells
Neuroglial cells of the central nervous system - ANSWER-
oligodendrocytes
Neuroglial cells of the peripheral nervous system - ANSWER-
Satellite
What do astrocytes do? - ANSWER-help to form the blood-brain
barrier, which prevents the entrance of toxic materials from the
blood to the brain
Major fuel source for the brain? - ANSWER-Glucose
,Exam 3- Nurs 617 THIS YEAR MAIN EXAM ,
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Afferent - ANSWER-sensory- transmit information to the CNS
Efferent - ANSWER-Motor carry information away from the CNS
Retrograde - ANSWER-axon to cell body
Anterograde - ANSWER-cell body to axon
Resting membrane potential - ANSWER-polarized (no electrical
activity occurs = -70 mV)
§ Positive outside/ negative inside
Depolarization - ANSWER-sodium channels open- generate
electrical impulse= +30 mV)
§ Negative outside/ positive inside
Repolarization - ANSWER-permeable to potassium- exit of K-
return to resting membrane potential)
- Na close and K open
, Exam 3- Nurs 617 THIS YEAR MAIN EXAM ,
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Absolute refractory - ANSWER-The minimum length of time
after an action potential during which another action potential
cannot begin.
relative refractory period - ANSWER-a stronger than usual
stimulus is necessary to initiate an action potential
electrical synaptic transmission - ANSWER-gap junctions- action
potentials move rapidlY
Pathway of chemical synaptic transmission - ANSWER-
presynaptic release of chemical messenger (neurotransmitters)
-> placed in vesicle within the synaptic cleft-> postsynaptic
structures -> neurotransmitter removal
Two amino acid neurotransmitters - ANSWER-Glutamate and
GABA
Function of GABA - ANSWER-main inhibitory messenger
(vision/motor/anxiety)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Functions of the nervous system (4) - ANSWER-- Detecting,
analyzing and transmitting information
o Provides foundation for intelligence, anticipation, and
judgment
o Controls skeletal muscle movement
o Helps to regulate cardiac and visceral smooth activity
Definition of Neurons - ANSWER-functional cells that conduct
impulses to other nerve cells, muscles, or gland cells
Three parts of a neuron - ANSWER-cell body, dendrites, axon
What does the cell body do? - ANSWER-- Soma- nucleus- DNA
and genetic codes
- Cell activity
- Metabolic activities
What do dendrites do? - ANSWER-conduct info to cell body
§ Extension of cell body that brings info into the cell body
,Exam 3- Nurs 617 THIS YEAR MAIN EXAM ,
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What does the axon do? - ANSWER-Long projections from the
cell body (normally only one) that pass nerve impulses
Function of neuroglial cells - ANSWER-- provide protection,
regulate blood flow and metabolic support for the neurons
o Form the myelin sheath from oligodendrocytes and Schwan
cells
§ Helps with the transmission of electrical impulses along the
nerve cells
Neuroglial cells of the central nervous system - ANSWER-
oligodendrocytes
Neuroglial cells of the peripheral nervous system - ANSWER-
Satellite
What do astrocytes do? - ANSWER-help to form the blood-brain
barrier, which prevents the entrance of toxic materials from the
blood to the brain
Major fuel source for the brain? - ANSWER-Glucose
,Exam 3- Nurs 617 THIS YEAR MAIN EXAM ,
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Afferent - ANSWER-sensory- transmit information to the CNS
Efferent - ANSWER-Motor carry information away from the CNS
Retrograde - ANSWER-axon to cell body
Anterograde - ANSWER-cell body to axon
Resting membrane potential - ANSWER-polarized (no electrical
activity occurs = -70 mV)
§ Positive outside/ negative inside
Depolarization - ANSWER-sodium channels open- generate
electrical impulse= +30 mV)
§ Negative outside/ positive inside
Repolarization - ANSWER-permeable to potassium- exit of K-
return to resting membrane potential)
- Na close and K open
, Exam 3- Nurs 617 THIS YEAR MAIN EXAM ,
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Absolute refractory - ANSWER-The minimum length of time
after an action potential during which another action potential
cannot begin.
relative refractory period - ANSWER-a stronger than usual
stimulus is necessary to initiate an action potential
electrical synaptic transmission - ANSWER-gap junctions- action
potentials move rapidlY
Pathway of chemical synaptic transmission - ANSWER-
presynaptic release of chemical messenger (neurotransmitters)
-> placed in vesicle within the synaptic cleft-> postsynaptic
structures -> neurotransmitter removal
Two amino acid neurotransmitters - ANSWER-Glutamate and
GABA
Function of GABA - ANSWER-main inhibitory messenger
(vision/motor/anxiety)
