Biol 373 Unit 4c and 4d
Water loss can be caused be urine, but also: - correct answer ✔✔Feces, sweat and lungs
Thirst is - correct answer ✔✔a behavioral mechanism for compensation of water loss
Can kidneys restore lost water? - correct answer ✔✔No. Kidneys can conserve water but not restore.
Osmolarity of the __ indicates how much water is being excreted by the kidneys. - correct answer
✔✔Urine
Diuresis is - correct answer ✔✔increased urine production
Diuretics - correct answer ✔✔Increase the amount of urine produced and is usually a drug
Water can __ through the lipid bilayer in most cells but this movement is slow. - correct answer ✔✔leak
To conserve water, should one take a diuretic or an antidiuretic? - correct answer ✔✔Antidiuretic
Aquaporins are - correct answer ✔✔water channels
To produce concentrated urine, one would want to make epithelial cells __ salty than tubular fluid -
correct answer ✔✔more
Where are aquaporins located? - correct answer ✔✔Both apically and basolaterally in renal tubules
One way to reduce the reabsorption of water is to __ the number of aquaporins expressed. - correct
answer ✔✔reduce
, Where in the kidney is urine able to be concentrated? - correct answer ✔✔Renal medulla, by
juxtamedullary nephrons
Water moves __ the filtrate while traveling from the cortex to the medulla - correct answer ✔✔out of
The main site of water reabsorption is the - correct answer ✔✔distal tubule
AVP __ water therefore preventing __ - correct answer ✔✔conserves, diuresis
Where is AVP synthesized? - correct answer ✔✔Hypothalamus
Where is AVP stored? - correct answer ✔✔Posterior Pituitary gland
What are the two triggers for AVP release? - correct answer ✔✔Increased plasma osmolarity and
Decreased Blood pressure/ volume
What is the magic osmolarity # for many mammals? - correct answer ✔✔300 mosmol/kg
What are biological and chemical effects implicated in changes in osmolarity? - correct answer ✔✔cell
size and volume
ionic strength
Differing in osmolarity will most affect the __ system - correct answer ✔✔neurological
Osmoreceptors - correct answer ✔✔stretch-sensitive neurons that monitor plasma molarity
Osmoreceptors in the oropharyngeal cavity and blood vessels of the intestines are - correct answer
✔✔Peripheral
Water loss can be caused be urine, but also: - correct answer ✔✔Feces, sweat and lungs
Thirst is - correct answer ✔✔a behavioral mechanism for compensation of water loss
Can kidneys restore lost water? - correct answer ✔✔No. Kidneys can conserve water but not restore.
Osmolarity of the __ indicates how much water is being excreted by the kidneys. - correct answer
✔✔Urine
Diuresis is - correct answer ✔✔increased urine production
Diuretics - correct answer ✔✔Increase the amount of urine produced and is usually a drug
Water can __ through the lipid bilayer in most cells but this movement is slow. - correct answer ✔✔leak
To conserve water, should one take a diuretic or an antidiuretic? - correct answer ✔✔Antidiuretic
Aquaporins are - correct answer ✔✔water channels
To produce concentrated urine, one would want to make epithelial cells __ salty than tubular fluid -
correct answer ✔✔more
Where are aquaporins located? - correct answer ✔✔Both apically and basolaterally in renal tubules
One way to reduce the reabsorption of water is to __ the number of aquaporins expressed. - correct
answer ✔✔reduce
, Where in the kidney is urine able to be concentrated? - correct answer ✔✔Renal medulla, by
juxtamedullary nephrons
Water moves __ the filtrate while traveling from the cortex to the medulla - correct answer ✔✔out of
The main site of water reabsorption is the - correct answer ✔✔distal tubule
AVP __ water therefore preventing __ - correct answer ✔✔conserves, diuresis
Where is AVP synthesized? - correct answer ✔✔Hypothalamus
Where is AVP stored? - correct answer ✔✔Posterior Pituitary gland
What are the two triggers for AVP release? - correct answer ✔✔Increased plasma osmolarity and
Decreased Blood pressure/ volume
What is the magic osmolarity # for many mammals? - correct answer ✔✔300 mosmol/kg
What are biological and chemical effects implicated in changes in osmolarity? - correct answer ✔✔cell
size and volume
ionic strength
Differing in osmolarity will most affect the __ system - correct answer ✔✔neurological
Osmoreceptors - correct answer ✔✔stretch-sensitive neurons that monitor plasma molarity
Osmoreceptors in the oropharyngeal cavity and blood vessels of the intestines are - correct answer
✔✔Peripheral
