RN Pharmacology
A nurse is instructing a client on the application of nitroglycerin transdermal patches. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
" - ANS"I will take the patch off right after my evening meal."
Clients should remove the patch each evening for a medication free time of 12 to 14 hr before
applying a new patch to avoid developing a tolerance to the medication's effects.
A nurse receives a verbal order from the provider to administer morphine five milligrams every 4
hours subcutaneously for severe pain as needed. The nurse should identify which of the
following entries as the correct format for the medication administration record (MAR)? -
ANSMorphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
The nurse should identify this entry as the correct format for the MAR. The medication name is
spelled out and there are not any abbreviations from The Joint Commission's "Do Not Use" list
included in the transcription.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetazolamide for chronic open-angle glaucoma. For
which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report?
- ANSTingling of fingers
The nurse should instruct the client to report the adverse effect of paresthesia, a tingling
sensation in the extremities, when taking acetazolamide.
A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a client instead of the prescribed dose of
metoclopramide. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - ANSCheck the
client's blood glucose.
The first action the nurse should take using the nursing process is to assess the client.
The client is at risk for hypoglycemia. The nurse should monitor the client's blood glucose and
provide the client with a snack to reduce the risk for hypoglycemia.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking oral morphine and docusate sodium.
The nurse should instruct the client that taking the docusate sodium daily can minimize which of
the following adverse effects of morphine? - ANSConstipation
Constipation is a common adverse effect of morphine that can be minimized by taking docusate
sodium, a stool softener that promotes easier evacuation of stool by increasing water and fat in
the intestine.
, A nurse is assessing a client's vital signs prior to the administration of PO digoxin. The client's
BP is 144/86 mm Hg, heart rate is 55/min, and respiratory rate is 20/min. The nurse should
withhold the medication and contact the provider for which of the following findings? - ANSHeart
rate
Digoxin slows the conduction rate through the SA and AV nodes, thereby decreasing the heart
rate.
The nurse should withhold the medication and notify the provider for a heart rate of 55/min
because this is an early indication of digoxin toxicity.
A nurse is caring for a client who received 0.9% sodium chloride 1 L over 4 hr instead of over 8
hr as prescribed. Which of the following information should the nurse enter as a complete
documentation of the incident? - ANS0.9% sodium chloride 1 L IV infused over 4 hr. Vital signs
stable, provider notified.
The nurse should document the type and amount of fluid, how long it took to infuse, provider
notification, and the client's physical status.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new
prescription for sucralfate. Which of the following actions of sucralfate should the nurse include
in the teaching? - ANSForms a protective barrier over ulcers
Secretions by the parietal and chief cells, hydrochloric acid and pepsin, can further irritate the
ulcerated areas.
Sucralfate, a mucosal protectant, forms a gel-like substance that coats the ulcer, creating a
barrier to hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
A nurse is reviewing the ECG of a client who is receiving IV furosemide for heart failure. The
nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of hypokalemia? -
ANSPresence of U-waves
The nurse should identify the presence of U-waves as a manifestation of hypokalemia, an
adverse effect of furosemide.
A nurse on the acute care unit is caring for a client who is receiving gentamicin IV. The nurse
should report which of the following findings to the provider as an adverse effect of the
medication? - ANSTinnitus
Aminoglycosides, such as gentamicin, are ototoxic, which can manifest as tinnitus and
deafness.
A nurse is instructing a client on the application of nitroglycerin transdermal patches. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
" - ANS"I will take the patch off right after my evening meal."
Clients should remove the patch each evening for a medication free time of 12 to 14 hr before
applying a new patch to avoid developing a tolerance to the medication's effects.
A nurse receives a verbal order from the provider to administer morphine five milligrams every 4
hours subcutaneously for severe pain as needed. The nurse should identify which of the
following entries as the correct format for the medication administration record (MAR)? -
ANSMorphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
The nurse should identify this entry as the correct format for the MAR. The medication name is
spelled out and there are not any abbreviations from The Joint Commission's "Do Not Use" list
included in the transcription.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetazolamide for chronic open-angle glaucoma. For
which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report?
- ANSTingling of fingers
The nurse should instruct the client to report the adverse effect of paresthesia, a tingling
sensation in the extremities, when taking acetazolamide.
A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a client instead of the prescribed dose of
metoclopramide. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - ANSCheck the
client's blood glucose.
The first action the nurse should take using the nursing process is to assess the client.
The client is at risk for hypoglycemia. The nurse should monitor the client's blood glucose and
provide the client with a snack to reduce the risk for hypoglycemia.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking oral morphine and docusate sodium.
The nurse should instruct the client that taking the docusate sodium daily can minimize which of
the following adverse effects of morphine? - ANSConstipation
Constipation is a common adverse effect of morphine that can be minimized by taking docusate
sodium, a stool softener that promotes easier evacuation of stool by increasing water and fat in
the intestine.
, A nurse is assessing a client's vital signs prior to the administration of PO digoxin. The client's
BP is 144/86 mm Hg, heart rate is 55/min, and respiratory rate is 20/min. The nurse should
withhold the medication and contact the provider for which of the following findings? - ANSHeart
rate
Digoxin slows the conduction rate through the SA and AV nodes, thereby decreasing the heart
rate.
The nurse should withhold the medication and notify the provider for a heart rate of 55/min
because this is an early indication of digoxin toxicity.
A nurse is caring for a client who received 0.9% sodium chloride 1 L over 4 hr instead of over 8
hr as prescribed. Which of the following information should the nurse enter as a complete
documentation of the incident? - ANS0.9% sodium chloride 1 L IV infused over 4 hr. Vital signs
stable, provider notified.
The nurse should document the type and amount of fluid, how long it took to infuse, provider
notification, and the client's physical status.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new
prescription for sucralfate. Which of the following actions of sucralfate should the nurse include
in the teaching? - ANSForms a protective barrier over ulcers
Secretions by the parietal and chief cells, hydrochloric acid and pepsin, can further irritate the
ulcerated areas.
Sucralfate, a mucosal protectant, forms a gel-like substance that coats the ulcer, creating a
barrier to hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
A nurse is reviewing the ECG of a client who is receiving IV furosemide for heart failure. The
nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of hypokalemia? -
ANSPresence of U-waves
The nurse should identify the presence of U-waves as a manifestation of hypokalemia, an
adverse effect of furosemide.
A nurse on the acute care unit is caring for a client who is receiving gentamicin IV. The nurse
should report which of the following findings to the provider as an adverse effect of the
medication? - ANSTinnitus
Aminoglycosides, such as gentamicin, are ototoxic, which can manifest as tinnitus and
deafness.
