Pharmacology RN.com
Beta blocker - ANSSelective (beta 1)and non selective (beta 2)
A beta-blocker used for - ANSemergency treatment of ventricular arrhythmias( heart beat is too
slow or too fast : Bradycardia or tachycardia.
to manage cardiovascular symptoms, such as angina and high blood pressure.
Patient who have atrial fibrillation has either - ANSBradycardia or tachycardia if the patient vital
signs show bradycardia we don't give any medication that lower HR like lol or diltiazem
Selective beta blockers - ANSStP
Selective beta blocker( b1) - ANSHeart and kidney
Beta 1 selective blockers (STP) - ANSUse blood monitor to test for hypoglycemia don't use
heart rate to monitor for hypoglycemia
Non-selective beta blockers - ANSbeta-1,2,3 (found in all organs heart also)
Beta 1.2.3 - ANSAME
Heparin - ANSSlows down the clotting process and helps prevent blood clots.
Heparin used for - ANSPreventing or treating blood clots
Hampering used against - ANSDVT PE, stroke, atrial fibrillation and to prevent clot with certain
surgery.
Heparin test - ANSAPTT
APTT protocol - ANSIf the aPTT is too low, the patient may need a bolus of Heparin and the drip
rate increased.
If the aPTT is too high, the patient may need the drip turned off for 1 hour and the drip rate
decreased.
If the aPTT is within the therapeutic range (see range below), there is no change to the drip until
the next lab draw for the aPTT.
Heparin is - ANSweight-based: the nurse will need to obtain a current and accurate weight on
the patient's so proper dosing can be administered.
, I order for heparin to work in the body APTT should be - ANSHeparin therapeutic range for the
aPTT: 1.5-2.5 times the normal value range......example: 60-80 seconds (approximate
range....varies on protocol and labs).
What to remember about heparin therapy - ANSaPTT less than 60? Patient is not therapeutic
(may need bolus and rate increased)
aPTT greater than 80? Patient is at risk for bleeding (drip may be stopped for an hour (Heparin
has a short half-life) and then it may be restarted at a lower rate)
Heparin administration - ANSIf administered subcutaneous, know how to give it and where......
Site: fatty tissue of the abdomen....stay at least 2 inches away from the belly button and 1 inch
away from scars (won't absorb the medication)
Always rotate sites (see where the last nurse administered the injection in the chart and ask the
patient)
Don't rub or massage the area!
What is the antidote for heparin? - ANSprotamine sulfate
A patient develops Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT). As the nurse, you would expect
the Heparin to be discontinued and the patient to be started on what other type of
anticoagulant? - ANSDirect thrombin inhibitor
Warfarin (Coumadin) - ANSIt's for long-term anticoagulation. Preventing or treating blood clots
(DVT, PE etc.)
To monitor for warfarin - ANSPt/INR
INR too low? After using warfarin ( Coumadin) - ANSrisk for clot formation...needs dosage to be
increased
INR too high? After using warfarin - ANSrisk for bleeding...needs dosage to be decreased
antidote for Warfarin, - ANSvitamin K.
warfarin and heparin therapy avoid - ANSIM injections (remember the patient bleeds easily)
Heparin onset of action - ANSRapid (seconds)
Warfarin Sodium onset of action - ANSSlow (3 to 5 days ) it stay in the system 3 to 5 days
How Both heparin and warfarin ( Coumadin ) use on the patient - ANSWe start with heparin first
because it takes second to be active in the system unlike warfarin that take 3 to 5 days
So start heparin then discountinue after Coumadin reach therapeutic level
Beta blocker - ANSSelective (beta 1)and non selective (beta 2)
A beta-blocker used for - ANSemergency treatment of ventricular arrhythmias( heart beat is too
slow or too fast : Bradycardia or tachycardia.
to manage cardiovascular symptoms, such as angina and high blood pressure.
Patient who have atrial fibrillation has either - ANSBradycardia or tachycardia if the patient vital
signs show bradycardia we don't give any medication that lower HR like lol or diltiazem
Selective beta blockers - ANSStP
Selective beta blocker( b1) - ANSHeart and kidney
Beta 1 selective blockers (STP) - ANSUse blood monitor to test for hypoglycemia don't use
heart rate to monitor for hypoglycemia
Non-selective beta blockers - ANSbeta-1,2,3 (found in all organs heart also)
Beta 1.2.3 - ANSAME
Heparin - ANSSlows down the clotting process and helps prevent blood clots.
Heparin used for - ANSPreventing or treating blood clots
Hampering used against - ANSDVT PE, stroke, atrial fibrillation and to prevent clot with certain
surgery.
Heparin test - ANSAPTT
APTT protocol - ANSIf the aPTT is too low, the patient may need a bolus of Heparin and the drip
rate increased.
If the aPTT is too high, the patient may need the drip turned off for 1 hour and the drip rate
decreased.
If the aPTT is within the therapeutic range (see range below), there is no change to the drip until
the next lab draw for the aPTT.
Heparin is - ANSweight-based: the nurse will need to obtain a current and accurate weight on
the patient's so proper dosing can be administered.
, I order for heparin to work in the body APTT should be - ANSHeparin therapeutic range for the
aPTT: 1.5-2.5 times the normal value range......example: 60-80 seconds (approximate
range....varies on protocol and labs).
What to remember about heparin therapy - ANSaPTT less than 60? Patient is not therapeutic
(may need bolus and rate increased)
aPTT greater than 80? Patient is at risk for bleeding (drip may be stopped for an hour (Heparin
has a short half-life) and then it may be restarted at a lower rate)
Heparin administration - ANSIf administered subcutaneous, know how to give it and where......
Site: fatty tissue of the abdomen....stay at least 2 inches away from the belly button and 1 inch
away from scars (won't absorb the medication)
Always rotate sites (see where the last nurse administered the injection in the chart and ask the
patient)
Don't rub or massage the area!
What is the antidote for heparin? - ANSprotamine sulfate
A patient develops Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT). As the nurse, you would expect
the Heparin to be discontinued and the patient to be started on what other type of
anticoagulant? - ANSDirect thrombin inhibitor
Warfarin (Coumadin) - ANSIt's for long-term anticoagulation. Preventing or treating blood clots
(DVT, PE etc.)
To monitor for warfarin - ANSPt/INR
INR too low? After using warfarin ( Coumadin) - ANSrisk for clot formation...needs dosage to be
increased
INR too high? After using warfarin - ANSrisk for bleeding...needs dosage to be decreased
antidote for Warfarin, - ANSvitamin K.
warfarin and heparin therapy avoid - ANSIM injections (remember the patient bleeds easily)
Heparin onset of action - ANSRapid (seconds)
Warfarin Sodium onset of action - ANSSlow (3 to 5 days ) it stay in the system 3 to 5 days
How Both heparin and warfarin ( Coumadin ) use on the patient - ANSWe start with heparin first
because it takes second to be active in the system unlike warfarin that take 3 to 5 days
So start heparin then discountinue after Coumadin reach therapeutic level
