Topics at a Glance:
1. Paris Peace Conference
- Who?
- Ideas?
- Outcomes? 5. USA in the 1920s
- Reactions? - Economic Boom
- Effects? - Government Ideology
- Other Treaties? - Henry Ford and the Car Industry
- Mass Production
2. League of Nations - Different Industries
- Dates - The monkey Trial
- Aims - Impact on Women and the
- Methods used Emergence of Flappers
- Organisations - African Americans and
Sharecropping
3. Successes and Failures of the - Ku Klux Klan
League - Native Americans
- Corfu - Prohibition
- Aaland Islands
- Socio-Economics 6. The Great Depression
- Japan and Manchuria - Characteristics of Economic
- Abyssinian Crisis Depressions
- Unemployment
4. Nazi Foreign Policy 1933-1939 - How lives were affected
- Background
- Key Dates 7. President Roosevelt
- Aims of the Foreign Policy - Election
- Reasons for Anschluss - The Hundred Days
- Consequences of the Spanish Civil - Agriculture in the 1930s
War - The New Deal and Industries
- Appeasement: Justified or - Impact of the Hundred Days
Unjustified? - The Second New Deal
- Nazi Soviet Pact - Oppositions to the New Deal
- Impact of the New Deal
Tips for Answering (Exam) Questions:
- Give Direct answers, Names, Numbers and explanations
Question B:
- give TWO reasons
- Identify reasons
- Explain Reasons
- FULL Explanations
Question C:
- Give 3 explanations: (2 for the side you support more, 1 for the
opposition)
- Have two sides to the point given: Agree and Disagree
- FULL Explanations
- Conclusion (Evaluation/ Summary)
,Paris Peace Conference:
Who was involved?
- Leading figures of three countries: Britain, France and USA came together to
form the Big Three.
- Woodrow Wilson was the representative of the USA
- David Lloyd George was the representative of Britain
- Georges Clemenceau was the representative of France.
Profiles:
1. Woodrow Wilson
- Motivated by Peace
- Was an Idealist Reformer
- He used Britain’s debt to the USA to manipulate them to get what he wanted.
- Very Obstinate
Aims:
● To have his 14 points passed into the Treaty of Versailles
● For the Treaty to be less harsh toward Germany
● Increase Democracy in the defeated countries
● Self-Determination in Small Countries (independence)
● International Cooperation
Motivations:
● Improvement to trade in the USA
● Destroy the European Empires, allowing the USA to emerge as the strongest
● Idealism: to make the world peaceful (worldwide disarmament)
Opinions on the outcomes of the Treaty:
Pleased: Displeased:
- Alsace Lorraine was returned to - Only Germany had disarmed
France - German colonies were not given
- Germany was given Democracy self determination
- Germany was not crushed by the - Reparations were extremely
Treaty high
- Poland was given access to the - The League of Nations had
sea excluded the defeated countries.
, 2. David Lloyd George
- Was a Realist and Experienced Politician
- Was open to compromises
- Acted as the Middle ground between France and the USA
Aims:
● For Germany to avoid undergoing heavy punishments
● Germany to lose its navy and colonies
● To continue trading
● Prevent a Communist revolution
● Keep jobs in Britain
● Expand and Protect the British Empire
Motives:
● Preventing a Revolution as it would destroy trade relations between Britain
and Germany
● Losing navy and colonies: Germany had previously threatened Britain with
its Navy
● He prioritised the needs of the British People (Protect and expand)
Opinions on the outcome of the Treaty:
Pleased: Displeased
- Germany had lost its Navy - High reparations
- German colonies had been taken
- It had limitations on its army
- Germany was NOT crushed
3. Georges Clemenceau
- Wanted fair and eternal peace, but found Wilson hard to work with
- Realist and Uncompromising
- Stubborn
- Constantly disagree/clashed with Wilson
- Fought the 1870 Alsace Lorraine War
Aims:
● For the treaty to cripple Germany
● Prevent an invasion of France
● Take back Alsace Lorraine
● High Reparations to be imposed
● Demilitarise Germany
● To have River Rhine be installed as a border
, Motives:
● To exact revenge on Germany
● Stop or Prevent future invasions on France
Opinions on the outcome of the treaty:
Pleased: Displeased:
- Alsace Lorraine was returned to - The German industry was not
France completely destroyed yet
- Germany underwent - Germany was not totally taken
Disarmament apart.
- The Saar was given to France for
15 years: Increased mining
benefits - was left doubtful that Germany
- High Reparations of £6.6 Billion was completely stopped.
- Demilitarisation of the
Rhineland
The Big Three:
Purpose:
- To make decisions on Reparations, Military restrictions and Land removals
involved in the Treaty
- Make Germany pay Reparations
- Limit their Military
- Have land be removed
- To ensure that the Victors of the war are satisfied with the terms and the
Defeated countries are accepting of those terms
- Ensure that the treaty is fair to both sides
Restrictions on the German Empire and German Reactions:
1. Army was limited to 100,000 soldiers
2. No conscription was allowed
3. The Navy was given 6 Battleships
4. NO submarines were allowed
Reactions:
- Germans saw the loss of Navy as a loss of pride and purposefully sunk their
ships on their own
- They believed that the War Guilt Clause should be shared by all defeated, not
just Germany
1. Paris Peace Conference
- Who?
- Ideas?
- Outcomes? 5. USA in the 1920s
- Reactions? - Economic Boom
- Effects? - Government Ideology
- Other Treaties? - Henry Ford and the Car Industry
- Mass Production
2. League of Nations - Different Industries
- Dates - The monkey Trial
- Aims - Impact on Women and the
- Methods used Emergence of Flappers
- Organisations - African Americans and
Sharecropping
3. Successes and Failures of the - Ku Klux Klan
League - Native Americans
- Corfu - Prohibition
- Aaland Islands
- Socio-Economics 6. The Great Depression
- Japan and Manchuria - Characteristics of Economic
- Abyssinian Crisis Depressions
- Unemployment
4. Nazi Foreign Policy 1933-1939 - How lives were affected
- Background
- Key Dates 7. President Roosevelt
- Aims of the Foreign Policy - Election
- Reasons for Anschluss - The Hundred Days
- Consequences of the Spanish Civil - Agriculture in the 1930s
War - The New Deal and Industries
- Appeasement: Justified or - Impact of the Hundred Days
Unjustified? - The Second New Deal
- Nazi Soviet Pact - Oppositions to the New Deal
- Impact of the New Deal
Tips for Answering (Exam) Questions:
- Give Direct answers, Names, Numbers and explanations
Question B:
- give TWO reasons
- Identify reasons
- Explain Reasons
- FULL Explanations
Question C:
- Give 3 explanations: (2 for the side you support more, 1 for the
opposition)
- Have two sides to the point given: Agree and Disagree
- FULL Explanations
- Conclusion (Evaluation/ Summary)
,Paris Peace Conference:
Who was involved?
- Leading figures of three countries: Britain, France and USA came together to
form the Big Three.
- Woodrow Wilson was the representative of the USA
- David Lloyd George was the representative of Britain
- Georges Clemenceau was the representative of France.
Profiles:
1. Woodrow Wilson
- Motivated by Peace
- Was an Idealist Reformer
- He used Britain’s debt to the USA to manipulate them to get what he wanted.
- Very Obstinate
Aims:
● To have his 14 points passed into the Treaty of Versailles
● For the Treaty to be less harsh toward Germany
● Increase Democracy in the defeated countries
● Self-Determination in Small Countries (independence)
● International Cooperation
Motivations:
● Improvement to trade in the USA
● Destroy the European Empires, allowing the USA to emerge as the strongest
● Idealism: to make the world peaceful (worldwide disarmament)
Opinions on the outcomes of the Treaty:
Pleased: Displeased:
- Alsace Lorraine was returned to - Only Germany had disarmed
France - German colonies were not given
- Germany was given Democracy self determination
- Germany was not crushed by the - Reparations were extremely
Treaty high
- Poland was given access to the - The League of Nations had
sea excluded the defeated countries.
, 2. David Lloyd George
- Was a Realist and Experienced Politician
- Was open to compromises
- Acted as the Middle ground between France and the USA
Aims:
● For Germany to avoid undergoing heavy punishments
● Germany to lose its navy and colonies
● To continue trading
● Prevent a Communist revolution
● Keep jobs in Britain
● Expand and Protect the British Empire
Motives:
● Preventing a Revolution as it would destroy trade relations between Britain
and Germany
● Losing navy and colonies: Germany had previously threatened Britain with
its Navy
● He prioritised the needs of the British People (Protect and expand)
Opinions on the outcome of the Treaty:
Pleased: Displeased
- Germany had lost its Navy - High reparations
- German colonies had been taken
- It had limitations on its army
- Germany was NOT crushed
3. Georges Clemenceau
- Wanted fair and eternal peace, but found Wilson hard to work with
- Realist and Uncompromising
- Stubborn
- Constantly disagree/clashed with Wilson
- Fought the 1870 Alsace Lorraine War
Aims:
● For the treaty to cripple Germany
● Prevent an invasion of France
● Take back Alsace Lorraine
● High Reparations to be imposed
● Demilitarise Germany
● To have River Rhine be installed as a border
, Motives:
● To exact revenge on Germany
● Stop or Prevent future invasions on France
Opinions on the outcome of the treaty:
Pleased: Displeased:
- Alsace Lorraine was returned to - The German industry was not
France completely destroyed yet
- Germany underwent - Germany was not totally taken
Disarmament apart.
- The Saar was given to France for
15 years: Increased mining
benefits - was left doubtful that Germany
- High Reparations of £6.6 Billion was completely stopped.
- Demilitarisation of the
Rhineland
The Big Three:
Purpose:
- To make decisions on Reparations, Military restrictions and Land removals
involved in the Treaty
- Make Germany pay Reparations
- Limit their Military
- Have land be removed
- To ensure that the Victors of the war are satisfied with the terms and the
Defeated countries are accepting of those terms
- Ensure that the treaty is fair to both sides
Restrictions on the German Empire and German Reactions:
1. Army was limited to 100,000 soldiers
2. No conscription was allowed
3. The Navy was given 6 Battleships
4. NO submarines were allowed
Reactions:
- Germans saw the loss of Navy as a loss of pride and purposefully sunk their
ships on their own
- They believed that the War Guilt Clause should be shared by all defeated, not
just Germany
